Single cell type - ARL16 - The Human Protein Atlas

ARL16

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GENERAL INFORMATIONⁱ General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene nameⁱ Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.	ARL16
Gene descriptionⁱ Full gene name according to HGNC.	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 16
Predicted locationⁱ All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions. Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached. Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s). The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.	Intracellular
Number of transcriptsⁱ Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.	6

HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS INFORMATIONⁱ Summary of RNA expression and protein localization based on data generated within the Human Protein Atlas project.
Single cell type expression clusterⁱ The RNA data was used to cluster genes according to their expression across single cell types. Clusters contain genes that have similar expression patterns, and each cluster has been manually annotated to describe common features in terms of function and specificity.	Non-specific - Basic cellular processes (mainly)
Single cell type specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed cell types based on scRNA-seq data from normal tissues. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected.	Low cell type specificity
Tau specificity scoreⁱ Tau specificity score is a numerical indicator of the specificity of the gene expression across cells or tissues. The value ranges from 0 and 1, where 0 indicates identical expression across all cells/tissue types, while 1 indicates expression in a single cell/tissue type.	0.24
Brain cluster specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed cell cluster types based on snRNA-seq data from brain samples. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected. "cell type" refer to one of the 34 cluster names used to summarize the 2.5 million cells included in the brain cell representation.	Low cell type specificity
Immune cell specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed samples based on data from HPA. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected.	Low immune cell specificity
Protein evidenceⁱ Evidence score for genes based on UniProt protein existence (UniProt evidence); neXtProt protein existence (neXtProt evidence);and a Human Protein Atlas antibody- or RNA based score (HPA evidence). The avaliable scores are evidence at protein level, evidence at transcript level, no evidence, or not avaliable.	Evidence at transcript level

ASSAYSⁱ

SINGLE CELL TYPESⁱ A summary of normalized single cell RNA (nTPM) from all single cell types. Color-coding is based on cell type groups, each consisting of cell types with functional features in common.
Single cell types RNA single cell type specificity: Low cell type specificity

TISSUE CELL TYPEⁱ The tissue cell type section provides a cell type specificity prediction for all protein coding genes. More information on the data available can be found here and a description of the analysis here.
	Core cell typesⁱ The core cell type table displays data for a panel of eight cell types that are found in many tissues. Colored dots indicate that the selected gene has core cell type specificity in the indicated tissue. Grey dots indicate that cell type is present within that tissue, but the selected gene is not predicted to be enriched there. Category Alphabetical Enrichment Tissue specific cell typesⁱ This plot shows the enrichment score of the selected gene in all non-core cell types found within the profiled tissues, allowing comparisons between different cell types within different tissues. An enlarged symbol indicates classification of the gene as cell type enriched in the corresponding cell type.

SINGLE NUCLEI BRAINⁱ

Single nuclei cluster types

RNA brain cluster specificity: Low cell type specificity

IMMUNE CELL TYPE EXPRESSION (RNA)ⁱ Blood cell type expression overview shows RNA-seq data from three different sources: Internally generated Human Protein Atlas (HPA) data, as well as data generated by (Monaco et al) and (Schmiedel et al). Color-coding is based on blood cell type lineages, including B-cells, T-cells, NK-cells, monocytes, granulocytes and dendritic cells as well as total PBMC. To access sample data, click on tissue name or bar.
HPA datasetⁱ The resulting transcript expression values calculated as nTPM, resulting from the internal normalization pipeline for 18 immune cell types and total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Lineage Expression Alphabetical Immune cell type specificity: Low immune cell specificity
Monaco datasetⁱ The transcript expression values (nTPM) resulting from the internal normalization pipeline are visualized for 29 blood cell types and total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from Monaco et al. Lineage Expression Alphabetical
Schmiedel datasetⁱ Transcript Per Million (TPM) values are visualized for 15 blood cell types from the Schmiedel et al. dataset. Lineage Expression Alphabetical

EXPRESSION CLUSTERING & CORRELATIONⁱ

SINGLE CELL TYPE

ARL16 is part of cluster 39 Non-specific - Basic cellular processes with confidenceⁱ 0.98
835 genes in cluster

Go to interactive expression cluster page

15 nearest neighbours based on single cell RNA expression

Neighbourⁱ Gene name according to HGNC.	Descriptionⁱ Gene description according to HGNC.	Correlationⁱ Correlation between the selected gene and neighboring gene. Correlation is calculated as Spearman correlation in PCA space based on the RNA-seq expression data.	Clusterⁱ ID of the expression cluster of the neighboring gene.
ELP6	Elongator acetyltransferase complex subunit 6	0.4932	39
ENDOV	Endonuclease V	0.4909	55
BANF1	BAF nuclear assembly factor 1	0.4762	39
NAT9	N-acetyltransferase 9 (putative)	0.4722	55
TMEM216	Transmembrane protein 216	0.4696	50
LYRM9	LYR motif containing 9	0.4666	6
PYROXD2	Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase domain 2	0.4603	17
TMEM128	Transmembrane protein 128	0.4562	6
ADPRS	ADP-ribosylserine hydrolase	0.4474	39
ZSWIM7	Zinc finger SWIM-type containing 7	0.4463	39
HOXC6	Homeobox C6	0.4421	6
ING4	Inhibitor of growth family member 4	0.4344	39
BOLA1	BolA family member 1	0.4315	39
S100A1	S100 calcium binding protein A1	0.4280	38
GLI4	GLI family zinc finger 4	0.4276	33

IMMUNE CELLS

ARL16 is part of cluster 32 Basophils - Transcription with confidenceⁱ 0.98
291 genes in cluster

Go to interactive expression cluster page

15 nearest neighbours based on single cell RNA expression

Neighbourⁱ Gene name according to HGNC.	Descriptionⁱ Gene description according to HGNC.	Correlationⁱ Correlation between the selected gene and neighboring gene. Correlation is calculated as Spearman correlation in PCA space based on the RNA-seq expression data.	Clusterⁱ ID of the expression cluster of the neighboring gene.
PRKX	Protein kinase cAMP-dependent X-linked catalytic subunit	0.9762	32
DNAJC21	DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C21	0.9762	32
RBM26	RNA binding motif protein 26	0.9762	32
TMEM214	Transmembrane protein 214	0.9762	32
FAM136A	Family with sequence similarity 136 member A	0.9762	32
ZC3H13	Zinc finger CCCH-type containing 13	0.9524	41
ZNF808	Zinc finger protein 808	0.9524	32
ZSCAN21	Zinc finger and SCAN domain containing 21	0.9524	32
TEC	Tec protein tyrosine kinase	0.9524	32
DNAJC14	DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C14	0.9524	32
ZMYM5	Zinc finger MYM-type containing 5	0.9524	41
LATS1	Large tumor suppressor kinase 1	0.9524	32
CCDC91	Coiled-coil domain containing 91	0.9524	32
SMAD5	SMAD family member 5	0.9524	32
RSBN1	Round spermatid basic protein 1	0.9524	41

Adipocytes	37.0 nTPM
Breast	50.4 nTPM
Adipose tissue	23.5 nTPM

Alveolar cells type 1	23.4 nTPM
Lung	23.4 nTPM

Alveolar cells type 2	22.7 nTPM
Lung	22.7 nTPM

Astrocytes	5.9 nTPM
Brain	5.9 nTPM

B-cells	28.4 nTPM
Lung	41.6 nTPM
Skin	37.3 nTPM
PBMC	36.9 nTPM
Bone marrow	34.7 nTPM
Thymus	31.9 nTPM
Kidney	31.2 nTPM
Stomach	30.4 nTPM
Spleen	30.1 nTPM
Salivary gland	28.0 nTPM
Lymph node	22.4 nTPM
Adipose tissue	18.5 nTPM
Liver	14.5 nTPM
Esophagus	11.8 nTPM

Ciliated cells	40.8 nTPM
Endometrium	47.4 nTPM
Bronchus	43.2 nTPM
Fallopian tube	40.9 nTPM
Lung	31.7 nTPM

Club cells	34.2 nTPM
Bronchus	50.4 nTPM
Lung	27.0 nTPM
Prostate	25.1 nTPM

Dendritic cells	31.8 nTPM
PBMC	36.0 nTPM
Adipose tissue	27.6 nTPM

Endothelial cells	32.8 nTPM
Placenta	61.3 nTPM
Breast	51.8 nTPM
Testis	46.7 nTPM
Ovary	43.9 nTPM
Heart muscle	38.5 nTPM
Skin	36.1 nTPM
Fallopian tube	33.6 nTPM
Endometrium	32.5 nTPM
Thymus	31.2 nTPM
Lung	30.7 nTPM
Tongue	29.0 nTPM
Vascular	28.7 nTPM
Pancreas	28.4 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	23.7 nTPM
Salivary gland	23.0 nTPM
Esophagus	21.2 nTPM
Prostate	16.7 nTPM
Liver	13.9 nTPM

Enteroendocrine cells	40.0 nTPM
Small intestine	44.6 nTPM
Rectum	38.6 nTPM
Colon	36.9 nTPM

Fibroblasts	35.9 nTPM
Pancreas	66.3 nTPM
Placenta	63.1 nTPM
Breast	55.6 nTPM
Skin	43.0 nTPM
Adipose tissue	42.0 nTPM
Heart muscle	32.7 nTPM
Lung	32.7 nTPM
Fallopian tube	32.3 nTPM
Liver	30.8 nTPM
Thymus	30.5 nTPM
Esophagus	29.0 nTPM
Vascular	28.0 nTPM
Salivary gland	27.0 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	26.8 nTPM
Prostate	20.5 nTPM
Stomach	14.4 nTPM

Granulocytes	24.4 nTPM
Fallopian tube	35.9 nTPM
Lung	27.7 nTPM
Tongue	9.7 nTPM

Intestinal goblet cells	34.1 nTPM
Small intestine	43.0 nTPM
Colon	36.7 nTPM
Rectum	22.8 nTPM

Lymphatic endothelial cells	31.5 nTPM
Ovary	32.7 nTPM
Fallopian tube	30.2 nTPM

Macrophages	23.6 nTPM
Breast	45.8 nTPM
Kidney	36.3 nTPM
Skin	35.7 nTPM
Pancreas	34.9 nTPM
Bone marrow	31.4 nTPM
Testis	27.3 nTPM
Esophagus	25.7 nTPM
Fallopian tube	23.8 nTPM
Endometrium	23.4 nTPM
Adipose tissue	21.9 nTPM
Lung	19.5 nTPM
Thymus	18.7 nTPM
Tongue	18.5 nTPM
Salivary gland	17.0 nTPM
Vascular	16.2 nTPM
Prostate	15.5 nTPM
Stomach	12.9 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	12.7 nTPM
Spleen	11.0 nTPM

Basal prostatic cells	17.4 nTPM
Prostate	17.4 nTPM

Basal respiratory cells	62.6 nTPM
Bronchus	62.6 nTPM

Bipolar cells	31.0 nTPM
Eye	31.0 nTPM

Cholangiocytes	34.3 nTPM
Liver	34.3 nTPM

Paneth cells	32.3 nTPM
Small intestine	41.4 nTPM
Rectum	30.1 nTPM
Colon	25.3 nTPM

Plasma cells	25.6 nTPM
Stomach	36.0 nTPM
Spleen	35.4 nTPM
Liver	30.0 nTPM
Thymus	27.9 nTPM
Fallopian tube	26.1 nTPM
Bone marrow	21.1 nTPM
Salivary gland	17.9 nTPM
Esophagus	10.4 nTPM

Schwann cells	20.1 nTPM
Vascular	25.6 nTPM
Adipose tissue	22.6 nTPM
Esophagus	12.0 nTPM

Serous glandular cells	23.4 nTPM
Salivary gland	33.5 nTPM
Tongue	13.3 nTPM

Smooth muscle cells	35.6 nTPM
Placenta	59.9 nTPM
Breast	56.3 nTPM
Ovary	54.9 nTPM
Fallopian tube	40.2 nTPM
Vascular	39.1 nTPM
Endometrium	34.7 nTPM
Thymus	34.3 nTPM
Skin	33.2 nTPM
Liver	33.1 nTPM
Esophagus	32.4 nTPM
Adipose tissue	30.3 nTPM
Lung	27.0 nTPM
Tongue	26.9 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	26.4 nTPM
Salivary gland	21.5 nTPM
Prostate	19.5 nTPM

Suprabasal keratinocytes	36.5 nTPM
Tongue	39.9 nTPM
Skin	33.0 nTPM

T-cells	31.8 nTPM
Kidney	55.9 nTPM
Breast	52.1 nTPM
PBMC	42.5 nTPM
Bone marrow	39.4 nTPM
Liver	37.4 nTPM
Fallopian tube	37.3 nTPM
Colon	36.1 nTPM
Spleen	32.3 nTPM
Salivary gland	32.1 nTPM
Endometrium	30.8 nTPM
Adipose tissue	30.0 nTPM
Lung	29.7 nTPM
Stomach	29.5 nTPM
Thymus	29.4 nTPM
Skin	27.3 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	25.7 nTPM
Prostate	21.8 nTPM
Tongue	20.7 nTPM
Vascular	19.7 nTPM
Esophagus	19.5 nTPM
Lymph node	18.6 nTPM

Undifferentiated cells	39.7 nTPM
Colon	43.7 nTPM
Small intestine	42.5 nTPM
Rectum	33.0 nTPM

Amygdala excitatory	15.4 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	19.1 nTPM
Hippocampus	18.8 nTPM
Basal ganglia	16.4 nTPM
Amygdala	14.8 nTPM
Thalamus	13.6 nTPM
Hypothalamus	9.3 nTPM

Astrocyte	12.4 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	15.9 nTPM
Hippocampus	14.1 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	13.8 nTPM
Pons	13.0 nTPM
Spinal cord	12.6 nTPM
Midbrain	12.4 nTPM
Thalamus	12.1 nTPM
Basal ganglia	11.8 nTPM
Cerebellum	11.5 nTPM
Amygdala	10.0 nTPM
Hypothalamus	8.7 nTPM

Bergmann glia	17.8 nTPM
Pons	30.2 nTPM
Cerebellum	18.8 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	4.3 nTPM

Central nervous system macrophage	23.6 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	30.5 nTPM
Pons	27.5 nTPM
Cerebellum	27.2 nTPM
Spinal cord	27.1 nTPM
Hippocampus	26.8 nTPM
Midbrain	25.7 nTPM
Basal ganglia	22.5 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	20.7 nTPM
Thalamus	20.2 nTPM
Amygdala	18.7 nTPM
Hypothalamus	12.9 nTPM

Cerebellar inhibitory	13.2 nTPM
Cerebellum	15.8 nTPM
Pons	15.6 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	12.3 nTPM
Midbrain	11.5 nTPM
Spinal cord	11.0 nTPM

Cge interneuron	15.4 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	19.3 nTPM
Basal ganglia	17.7 nTPM
Hippocampus	17.3 nTPM
Thalamus	15.0 nTPM
Midbrain	14.6 nTPM
Amygdala	13.8 nTPM
Hypothalamus	10.3 nTPM

Choroid plexus epithelial cell	14.5 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	15.4 nTPM
Basal ganglia	15.0 nTPM
Hippocampus	13.9 nTPM
Thalamus	13.7 nTPM

Committed oligodendrocyte precursor	20.7 nTPM
Spinal cord	36.8 nTPM
Cerebellum	36.5 nTPM
Midbrain	26.9 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	25.3 nTPM
Hippocampus	23.8 nTPM
Basal ganglia	19.7 nTPM
Pons	18.6 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	14.2 nTPM
Thalamus	12.6 nTPM
Amygdala	8.5 nTPM
Hypothalamus	4.8 nTPM

Deep-layer corticothalamic and 6b	17.4 nTPM
Basal ganglia	24.3 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	21.3 nTPM
Hippocampus	17.5 nTPM
Midbrain	15.5 nTPM
Amygdala	15.1 nTPM
Hypothalamus	10.6 nTPM

Deep-layer intratelencephalic	18.9 nTPM
Basal ganglia	25.5 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	23.4 nTPM
Hippocampus	19.5 nTPM
Amygdala	16.5 nTPM
Hypothalamus	9.7 nTPM

Deep-layer near-projecting	18.3 nTPM
Basal ganglia	25.2 nTPM
Hippocampus	23.7 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	20.6 nTPM
Amygdala	11.4 nTPM
Hypothalamus	10.7 nTPM

Eccentric medium spiny neuron	15.6 nTPM
Basal ganglia	18.8 nTPM
Hypothalamus	16.9 nTPM
Hippocampus	15.3 nTPM
Thalamus	14.8 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	14.6 nTPM
Amygdala	13.1 nTPM