Single cell type - GPI - The Human Protein Atlas

GPI

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GENERAL INFORMATIONⁱ General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene nameⁱ Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.	GPI
Gene descriptionⁱ Full gene name according to HGNC.	Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase
Protein classⁱ Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).	Cancer-related genes Disease related genes Enzymes Human disease related genes Metabolic proteins Plasma proteins Potential drug targets
Predicted locationⁱ All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions. Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached. Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s). The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.	Secreted, Membrane, Intracellular
Number of transcriptsⁱ Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.	12

HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS INFORMATIONⁱ Summary of RNA expression and protein localization based on data generated within the Human Protein Atlas project.
Single cell type expression clusterⁱ The RNA data was used to cluster genes according to their expression across single cell types. Clusters contain genes that have similar expression patterns, and each cluster has been manually annotated to describe common features in terms of function and specificity.	Late spermatids - Spermatogenesis (mainly)
Single cell type specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed cell types based on scRNA-seq data from normal tissues. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected.	Cell type enriched (Late spermatids)
Tau specificity scoreⁱ Tau specificity score is a numerical indicator of the specificity of the gene expression across cells or tissues. The value ranges from 0 and 1, where 0 indicates identical expression across all cells/tissue types, while 1 indicates expression in a single cell/tissue type.	0.41
Brain cluster specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed cell cluster types based on snRNA-seq data from brain samples. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected. "cell type" refer to one of the 34 cluster names used to summarize the 2.5 million cells included in the brain cell representation.	Low cell type specificity
Immune cell specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed samples based on data from HPA. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected.	Low immune cell specificity
Protein evidenceⁱ Evidence score for genes based on UniProt protein existence (UniProt evidence); neXtProt protein existence (neXtProt evidence);and a Human Protein Atlas antibody- or RNA based score (HPA evidence). The avaliable scores are evidence at protein level, evidence at transcript level, no evidence, or not avaliable.	Evidence at protein level
Extracellular locationⁱ A possible secretion of the protein was predicted based on N-terminal signal sequence (signal peptide) predictions and transmembrane region predictions, and subsequently annotated for its local or systemic secretion based on literature, function, and protein and RNA expression data.	Protein predicted to be secreted

ASSAYSⁱ

SINGLE CELL TYPESⁱ A summary of normalized single cell RNA (nTPM) from all single cell types. Color-coding is based on cell type groups, each consisting of cell types with functional features in common.
Single cell types RNA single cell type specificity: Cell type enriched (Late spermatids)

TISSUE CELL TYPEⁱ The tissue cell type section provides a cell type specificity prediction for all protein coding genes. More information on the data available can be found here and a description of the analysis here.
	Core cell typesⁱ The core cell type table displays data for a panel of eight cell types that are found in many tissues. Colored dots indicate that the selected gene has core cell type specificity in the indicated tissue. Grey dots indicate that cell type is present within that tissue, but the selected gene is not predicted to be enriched there. Category Alphabetical Enrichment Tissue specific cell typesⁱ This plot shows the enrichment score of the selected gene in all non-core cell types found within the profiled tissues, allowing comparisons between different cell types within different tissues. An enlarged symbol indicates classification of the gene as cell type enriched in the corresponding cell type.

SINGLE NUCLEI BRAINⁱ

Single nuclei cluster types

RNA brain cluster specificity: Low cell type specificity

IMMUNE CELL TYPE EXPRESSION (RNA)ⁱ Blood cell type expression overview shows RNA-seq data from three different sources: Internally generated Human Protein Atlas (HPA) data, as well as data generated by (Monaco et al) and (Schmiedel et al). Color-coding is based on blood cell type lineages, including B-cells, T-cells, NK-cells, monocytes, granulocytes and dendritic cells as well as total PBMC. To access sample data, click on tissue name or bar.
HPA datasetⁱ The resulting transcript expression values calculated as nTPM, resulting from the internal normalization pipeline for 18 immune cell types and total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Lineage Expression Alphabetical Immune cell type specificity: Low immune cell specificity
Monaco datasetⁱ The transcript expression values (nTPM) resulting from the internal normalization pipeline are visualized for 29 blood cell types and total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from Monaco et al. Lineage Expression Alphabetical
Schmiedel datasetⁱ Transcript Per Million (TPM) values are visualized for 15 blood cell types from the Schmiedel et al. dataset. Lineage Expression Alphabetical

EXPRESSION CLUSTERING & CORRELATIONⁱ

SINGLE CELL TYPE

GPI is part of cluster 63 Late spermatids - Spermatogenesis with confidenceⁱ 1
383 genes in cluster

Go to interactive expression cluster page

15 nearest neighbours based on single cell RNA expression

Neighbourⁱ Gene name according to HGNC.	Descriptionⁱ Gene description according to HGNC.	Correlationⁱ Correlation between the selected gene and neighboring gene. Correlation is calculated as Spearman correlation in PCA space based on the RNA-seq expression data.	Clusterⁱ ID of the expression cluster of the neighboring gene.
VAC14	VAC14 component of PIKFYVE complex	0.5237	63
TIMM50	Translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 50	0.5043	63
SUGP1	SURP and G-patch domain containing 1	0.4793	63
MICOS13	Mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system subunit 13	0.4778	63
BAG6	BAG cochaperone 6	0.4726	15
CDK16	Cyclin dependent kinase 16	0.4719	63
TAF10	TATA-box binding protein associated factor 10	0.4716	49
SNAPC3	Small nuclear RNA activating complex polypeptide 3	0.4698	63
SRPK1	SRSF protein kinase 1	0.4670	63
MRPS25	Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S25	0.4562	36
IQGAP3	IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 3	0.4518	63
SELENOO	Selenoprotein O	0.4456	63
TUFM	Tu translation elongation factor, mitochondrial	0.4424	39
RUVBL2	RuvB like AAA ATPase 2	0.4410	63
IMMT	Inner membrane mitochondrial protein	0.4335	15

IMMUNE CELLS

GPI is part of cluster 25 Non-specific - Unknown function with confidenceⁱ 0.88
355 genes in cluster

Go to interactive expression cluster page

15 nearest neighbours based on single cell RNA expression

Neighbourⁱ Gene name according to HGNC.	Descriptionⁱ Gene description according to HGNC.	Correlationⁱ Correlation between the selected gene and neighboring gene. Correlation is calculated as Spearman correlation in PCA space based on the RNA-seq expression data.	Clusterⁱ ID of the expression cluster of the neighboring gene.
PCMT1	Protein-L-isoaspartate (D-aspartate) O-methyltransferase	0.9762	29
WDR25	WD repeat domain 25	0.9762	36
PSTPIP2	Proline-serine-threonine phosphatase interacting protein 2	0.9762	25
SAP18	Sin3A associated protein 18	0.9762	36
BABAM1	BRISC and BRCA1 A complex member 1	0.9524	29
HSD17B1	Hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 1	0.9524	25
TPI1	Triosephosphate isomerase 1	0.9524	29
MTFR1L	Mitochondrial fission regulator 1 like	0.9524	29
CAPZB	Capping actin protein of muscle Z-line subunit beta	0.9524	25
DYNLRB1	Dynein light chain roadblock-type 1	0.9524	25
DOK2	Docking protein 2	0.9524	25
PSMD4	Proteasome 26S subunit ubiquitin receptor, non-ATPase 4	0.9524	25
YY1AP1	YY1 associated protein 1	0.9524	42
H2AZ1	H2A.Z variant histone 1	0.9524	25
APEH	Acylaminoacyl-peptide hydrolase	0.9524	10

Adipocytes	31.7 nTPM
Adipose tissue	32.0 nTPM
Breast	31.4 nTPM

Alveolar cells type 1	80.5 nTPM
Lung	80.5 nTPM

Alveolar cells type 2	74.4 nTPM
Lung	74.4 nTPM

Astrocytes	93.8 nTPM
Brain	93.8 nTPM

B-cells	42.7 nTPM
Thymus	68.1 nTPM
Spleen	63.5 nTPM
Bone marrow	61.4 nTPM
Liver	53.1 nTPM
Lymph node	50.2 nTPM
Salivary gland	43.3 nTPM
Stomach	41.8 nTPM
Adipose tissue	36.6 nTPM
Esophagus	35.4 nTPM
PBMC	30.8 nTPM
Lung	26.8 nTPM
Skin	23.7 nTPM
Kidney	20.8 nTPM

Ciliated cells	33.2 nTPM
Bronchus	45.7 nTPM
Endometrium	34.4 nTPM
Lung	27.3 nTPM
Fallopian tube	25.5 nTPM

Club cells	58.6 nTPM
Bronchus	76.4 nTPM
Lung	53.9 nTPM
Prostate	45.4 nTPM

Dendritic cells	36.6 nTPM
PBMC	43.2 nTPM
Adipose tissue	30.0 nTPM

Endothelial cells	45.0 nTPM
Liver	102.0 nTPM
Thymus	72.2 nTPM
Tongue	67.1 nTPM
Esophagus	61.9 nTPM
Lung	54.5 nTPM
Fallopian tube	53.1 nTPM
Vascular	46.5 nTPM
Endometrium	42.8 nTPM
Heart muscle	40.7 nTPM
Placenta	37.5 nTPM
Prostate	36.7 nTPM
Breast	33.4 nTPM
Salivary gland	32.7 nTPM
Skin	30.1 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	27.2 nTPM
Testis	25.0 nTPM
Ovary	24.0 nTPM
Pancreas	23.3 nTPM

Enteroendocrine cells	108.6 nTPM
Colon	160.1 nTPM
Rectum	104.0 nTPM
Small intestine	61.8 nTPM

Fibroblasts	52.1 nTPM
Thymus	110.2 nTPM
Esophagus	74.8 nTPM
Stomach	63.4 nTPM
Liver	62.9 nTPM
Vascular	61.8 nTPM
Lung	58.4 nTPM
Pancreas	57.4 nTPM
Heart muscle	54.5 nTPM
Placenta	47.8 nTPM
Salivary gland	43.1 nTPM
Adipose tissue	38.8 nTPM
Skin	37.1 nTPM
Fallopian tube	36.2 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	35.6 nTPM
Breast	26.6 nTPM
Prostate	25.7 nTPM

Granulocytes	41.7 nTPM
Tongue	43.7 nTPM
Fallopian tube	41.5 nTPM
Lung	39.8 nTPM

Intestinal goblet cells	86.5 nTPM
Rectum	117.2 nTPM
Colon	99.2 nTPM
Small intestine	43.2 nTPM

Lymphatic endothelial cells	40.2 nTPM
Fallopian tube	53.0 nTPM
Ovary	27.3 nTPM

Macrophages	64.1 nTPM
Bone marrow	95.3 nTPM
Thymus	93.1 nTPM
Spleen	91.2 nTPM
Stomach	90.0 nTPM
Tongue	79.6 nTPM
Lung	74.3 nTPM
Fallopian tube	73.8 nTPM
Vascular	68.6 nTPM
Adipose tissue	66.2 nTPM
Pancreas	65.8 nTPM
Esophagus	65.5 nTPM
Endometrium	58.4 nTPM
Prostate	52.5 nTPM
Salivary gland	49.6 nTPM
Testis	47.7 nTPM
Skin	43.5 nTPM
Kidney	40.7 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	39.2 nTPM
Breast	23.5 nTPM

Basal keratinocytes	90.7 nTPM
Tongue	149.7 nTPM
Skin	31.8 nTPM

Basal prostatic cells	65.3 nTPM
Prostate	65.3 nTPM

Basal respiratory cells	116.2 nTPM
Bronchus	116.2 nTPM

Bipolar cells	109.7 nTPM
Eye	109.7 nTPM

Paneth cells	56.6 nTPM
Rectum	87.7 nTPM
Colon	61.5 nTPM
Small intestine	20.7 nTPM

Plasma cells	92.2 nTPM
Thymus	206.2 nTPM
Spleen	138.8 nTPM
Bone marrow	120.8 nTPM
Liver	111.2 nTPM
Stomach	55.7 nTPM
Salivary gland	50.1 nTPM
Fallopian tube	28.6 nTPM
Esophagus	26.0 nTPM

Schwann cells	38.0 nTPM
Adipose tissue	61.7 nTPM
Vascular	28.2 nTPM
Esophagus	24.0 nTPM

Serous glandular cells	75.5 nTPM
Salivary gland	75.9 nTPM
Tongue	75.1 nTPM

Smooth muscle cells	64.1 nTPM
Thymus	160.3 nTPM
Esophagus	111.7 nTPM
Adipose tissue	108.9 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	60.2 nTPM
Placenta	58.6 nTPM
Vascular	58.4 nTPM
Tongue	52.1 nTPM
Fallopian tube	51.5 nTPM
Lung	50.6 nTPM
Salivary gland	50.5 nTPM
Ovary	46.3 nTPM
Breast	45.0 nTPM
Liver	44.6 nTPM
Endometrium	43.9 nTPM
Prostate	42.6 nTPM
Skin	41.3 nTPM

Suprabasal keratinocytes	123.8 nTPM
Tongue	208.9 nTPM
Skin	38.7 nTPM

T-cells	60.8 nTPM
Stomach	123.5 nTPM
Bone marrow	96.0 nTPM
Thymus	93.2 nTPM
Spleen	87.2 nTPM
Esophagus	85.2 nTPM
Tongue	77.6 nTPM
Lymph node	72.0 nTPM
Colon	62.4 nTPM
Liver	57.3 nTPM
Adipose tissue	54.0 nTPM
Skin	50.8 nTPM
Fallopian tube	48.7 nTPM
Prostate	47.6 nTPM
Vascular	46.6 nTPM
Kidney	46.1 nTPM
Salivary gland	41.3 nTPM
Endometrium	40.2 nTPM
Lung	40.2 nTPM
PBMC	40.0 nTPM
Breast	35.9 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	31.8 nTPM

Undifferentiated cells	142.9 nTPM
Colon	156.7 nTPM
Rectum	136.7 nTPM
Small intestine	135.5 nTPM

Amygdala excitatory	210.5 nTPM
Hypothalamus	257.5 nTPM
Amygdala	221.7 nTPM
Hippocampus	206.1 nTPM
Basal ganglia	197.2 nTPM
Thalamus	192.4 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	187.9 nTPM

Astrocyte	176.6 nTPM
Cerebellum	222.5 nTPM
Midbrain	206.6 nTPM
Hippocampus	191.0 nTPM
Thalamus	186.8 nTPM
Pons	183.8 nTPM
Spinal cord	176.3 nTPM
Amygdala	175.7 nTPM
Basal ganglia	170.4 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	163.8 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	154.8 nTPM
Hypothalamus	110.6 nTPM

Bergmann glia	68.6 nTPM
Pons	70.5 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	70.3 nTPM
Cerebellum	65.1 nTPM

Central nervous system macrophage	40.3 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	50.0 nTPM
Cerebellum	49.1 nTPM
Thalamus	44.1 nTPM
Hippocampus	42.6 nTPM
Amygdala	42.0 nTPM
Midbrain	41.0 nTPM
Hypothalamus	40.4 nTPM
Pons	38.3 nTPM
Spinal cord	33.6 nTPM
Basal ganglia	32.4 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	29.9 nTPM

Cerebellar inhibitory	173.8 nTPM
Midbrain	180.7 nTPM
Cerebellum	180.0 nTPM
Pons	177.4 nTPM
Spinal cord	170.5 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	160.6 nTPM

Cge interneuron	172.1 nTPM
Hypothalamus	243.5 nTPM
Hippocampus	184.6 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	167.7 nTPM
Amygdala	165.0 nTPM
Thalamus	155.1 nTPM
Basal ganglia	151.0 nTPM
Midbrain	137.7 nTPM

Choroid plexus epithelial cell	178.2 nTPM
Basal ganglia	235.1 nTPM
Thalamus	175.4 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	171.9 nTPM
Hippocampus	130.3 nTPM

Committed oligodendrocyte precursor	107.4 nTPM
Hypothalamus	183.0 nTPM
Thalamus	173.4 nTPM
Amygdala	151.1 nTPM
Basal ganglia	104.0 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	100.7 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	97.5 nTPM
Pons	89.4 nTPM
Midbrain	79.8 nTPM
Hippocampus	77.9 nTPM
Cerebellum	72.9 nTPM
Spinal cord	51.5 nTPM

Deep-layer corticothalamic and 6b	195.4 nTPM
Hypothalamus	278.1 nTPM
Hippocampus	206.4 nTPM
Amygdala	190.4 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	187.1 nTPM
Basal ganglia	158.5 nTPM
Midbrain	152.0 nTPM

Deep-layer intratelencephalic	216.2 nTPM
Hypothalamus	314.2 nTPM
Hippocampus	209.1 nTPM
Amygdala	202.9 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	187.9 nTPM
Basal ganglia	166.9 nTPM

Deep-layer near-projecting	163.3 nTPM
Hypothalamus	244.0 nTPM
Amygdala	170.4 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	159.1 nTPM
Basal ganglia	131.2 nTPM
Hippocampus	111.6 nTPM

Eccentric medium spiny neuron	221.6 nTPM
Amygdala	249.3 nTPM
Hippocampus	237.5 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	231.6 nTPM
Thalamus	219.3 nTPM
Hypothalamus	206.5 nTPM
Basal ganglia	185.1 nTPM