Single cell type - TPRN - The Human Protein Atlas

TPRN

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GENERAL INFORMATIONⁱ General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene nameⁱ Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.	TPRN
Gene descriptionⁱ Full gene name according to HGNC.	Taperin
Protein classⁱ Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).	Disease related genes Human disease related genes
Predicted locationⁱ All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions. Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached. Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s). The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.	Intracellular
Number of transcriptsⁱ Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.	2

HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS INFORMATIONⁱ Summary of RNA expression and protein localization based on data generated within the Human Protein Atlas project.
Single cell type expression clusterⁱ The RNA data was used to cluster genes according to their expression across single cell types. Clusters contain genes that have similar expression patterns, and each cluster has been manually annotated to describe common features in terms of function and specificity.	Enterocytes - Absorption (mainly)
Single cell type specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed cell types based on scRNA-seq data from normal tissues. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected.	Cell type enhanced (Distal enterocytes, Proximal enterocytes, Alveolar cells type 1)
Tau specificity scoreⁱ Tau specificity score is a numerical indicator of the specificity of the gene expression across cells or tissues. The value ranges from 0 and 1, where 0 indicates identical expression across all cells/tissue types, while 1 indicates expression in a single cell/tissue type.	0.60
Brain cluster specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed cell cluster types based on snRNA-seq data from brain samples. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected. "cell type" refer to one of the 34 cluster names used to summarize the 2.5 million cells included in the brain cell representation.	Cell type enhanced (Oligodendrocyte)
Immune cell specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed samples based on data from HPA. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected.	Not detected in immune cells
Protein evidenceⁱ Evidence score for genes based on UniProt protein existence (UniProt evidence); neXtProt protein existence (neXtProt evidence);and a Human Protein Atlas antibody- or RNA based score (HPA evidence). The avaliable scores are evidence at protein level, evidence at transcript level, no evidence, or not avaliable.	Evidence at protein level

ASSAYSⁱ

SINGLE CELL TYPESⁱ A summary of normalized single cell RNA (nTPM) from all single cell types. Color-coding is based on cell type groups, each consisting of cell types with functional features in common.
Single cell types RNA single cell type specificity: Cell type enhanced (Distal enterocytes, Proximal enterocytes, Alveolar cells type 1)

TISSUE CELL TYPEⁱ The tissue cell type section provides a cell type specificity prediction for all protein coding genes. More information on the data available can be found here and a description of the analysis here.
	Core cell typesⁱ The core cell type table displays data for a panel of eight cell types that are found in many tissues. Colored dots indicate that the selected gene has core cell type specificity in the indicated tissue. Grey dots indicate that cell type is present within that tissue, but the selected gene is not predicted to be enriched there. Category Alphabetical Enrichment Tissue specific cell typesⁱ This plot shows the enrichment score of the selected gene in all non-core cell types found within the profiled tissues, allowing comparisons between different cell types within different tissues. An enlarged symbol indicates classification of the gene as cell type enriched in the corresponding cell type.

SINGLE NUCLEI BRAINⁱ

Single nuclei cluster types

RNA brain cluster specificity: Cell type enhanced (Oligodendrocyte)

IMMUNE CELL TYPE EXPRESSION (RNA)ⁱ Blood cell type expression overview shows RNA-seq data from three different sources: Internally generated Human Protein Atlas (HPA) data, as well as data generated by (Monaco et al) and (Schmiedel et al). Color-coding is based on blood cell type lineages, including B-cells, T-cells, NK-cells, monocytes, granulocytes and dendritic cells as well as total PBMC. To access sample data, click on tissue name or bar.
HPA datasetⁱ The resulting transcript expression values calculated as nTPM, resulting from the internal normalization pipeline for 18 immune cell types and total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Lineage Expression Alphabetical Immune cell type specificity: Not detected in immune cells
Monaco datasetⁱ The transcript expression values (nTPM) resulting from the internal normalization pipeline are visualized for 29 blood cell types and total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from Monaco et al. Lineage Expression Alphabetical
Schmiedel datasetⁱ Transcript Per Million (TPM) values are visualized for 15 blood cell types from the Schmiedel et al. dataset. Lineage Expression Alphabetical

EXPRESSION CLUSTERING & CORRELATIONⁱ

SINGLE CELL TYPE

TPRN is part of cluster 5 Enterocytes - Absorption with confidenceⁱ 1
330 genes in cluster

Go to interactive expression cluster page

15 nearest neighbours based on single cell RNA expression

Neighbourⁱ Gene name according to HGNC.	Descriptionⁱ Gene description according to HGNC.	Correlationⁱ Correlation between the selected gene and neighboring gene. Correlation is calculated as Spearman correlation in PCA space based on the RNA-seq expression data.	Clusterⁱ ID of the expression cluster of the neighboring gene.
BNIP5	BCL2 interacting protein 5	0.7882	5
CLDN23	Claudin 23	0.7854	5
CLCN2	Chloride voltage-gated channel 2	0.7813	5
MUC12	Mucin 12, cell surface associated	0.7581	5
TMEM54	Transmembrane protein 54	0.7489	5
SULT1A4	Sulfotransferase family 1A member 4	0.7460	5
HSD11B2	Hydroxysteroid 11-beta dehydrogenase 2	0.7411	5
ARL14	ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 14	0.7349	5
SELENBP1	Selenium binding protein 1	0.7328	5
FABP1	Fatty acid binding protein 1	0.7312	5
GGT6	Gamma-glutamyltransferase 6	0.7301	5
UGT2B17	UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 2 member B17	0.7236	5
PHGR1	Proline, histidine and glycine rich 1	0.7212	5
TRIM15	Tripartite motif containing 15	0.7159	5
MIER3	MIER family member 3	0.7150	5

IMMUNE CELLS

TPRN is part of cluster 13 Non-specific - Mitochondria with confidenceⁱ 0.99
458 genes in cluster

Go to interactive expression cluster page

15 nearest neighbours based on single cell RNA expression

Neighbourⁱ Gene name according to HGNC.	Descriptionⁱ Gene description according to HGNC.	Correlationⁱ Correlation between the selected gene and neighboring gene. Correlation is calculated as Spearman correlation in PCA space based on the RNA-seq expression data.	Clusterⁱ ID of the expression cluster of the neighboring gene.
NT5DC2	5'-nucleotidase domain containing 2	1.0000	13
PHPT1	Phosphohistidine phosphatase 1	0.9762	13
ABCB8	ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 8	0.9762	13
MAGED4B	MAGE family member D4B	0.9762	13
MRPL16	Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L16	0.9762	13
TEDC2	Tubulin epsilon and delta complex 2	0.9762	13
EMILIN1	Elastin microfibril interfacer 1	0.9762	13
IMP4	IMP U3 small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein 4	0.9762	13
DCPS	Decapping enzyme, scavenger	0.9762	13
MRPL4	Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L4	0.9762	13
TMEM39B	Transmembrane protein 39B	0.9524	13
COX16	Cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor COX16	0.9524	13
WNT10A	Wnt family member 10A	0.9524	13
TIMM50	Translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 50	0.9524	13
PLS3	Plastin 3	0.9524	13

Adipocytes	4.3 nTPM
Adipose tissue	4.7 nTPM
Breast	3.9 nTPM

Alveolar cells type 1	53.0 nTPM
Lung	53.0 nTPM

Alveolar cells type 2	23.2 nTPM
Lung	23.2 nTPM

Astrocytes	5.9 nTPM
Brain	5.9 nTPM

B-cells	3.0 nTPM
Thymus	7.6 nTPM
Lung	6.7 nTPM
Adipose tissue	5.8 nTPM
Salivary gland	5.4 nTPM
Kidney	5.2 nTPM
Skin	5.1 nTPM
Spleen	1.4 nTPM
Lymph node	1.2 nTPM
Stomach	0.4 nTPM
Liver	0.0 nTPM
PBMC	0.0 nTPM
Esophagus	0.0 nTPM
Bone marrow	0.0 nTPM

Ciliated cells	6.8 nTPM
Fallopian tube	11.3 nTPM
Endometrium	6.7 nTPM
Lung	5.3 nTPM
Bronchus	3.8 nTPM

Club cells	8.7 nTPM
Lung	11.5 nTPM
Prostate	10.5 nTPM
Bronchus	4.2 nTPM

Endothelial cells	3.9 nTPM
Tongue	10.9 nTPM
Liver	10.1 nTPM
Salivary gland	6.1 nTPM
Thymus	5.0 nTPM
Fallopian tube	4.8 nTPM
Lung	4.1 nTPM
Prostate	3.9 nTPM
Endometrium	3.5 nTPM
Vascular	3.5 nTPM
Placenta	3.4 nTPM
Ovary	2.9 nTPM
Pancreas	2.6 nTPM
Breast	2.6 nTPM
Skin	2.2 nTPM
Testis	2.1 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	1.7 nTPM
Esophagus	0.5 nTPM
Heart muscle	0.2 nTPM

Enteroendocrine cells	27.1 nTPM
Small intestine	41.2 nTPM
Colon	33.4 nTPM
Rectum	6.7 nTPM

Fibroblasts	4.0 nTPM
Lung	10.2 nTPM
Placenta	6.9 nTPM
Thymus	6.7 nTPM
Salivary gland	5.2 nTPM
Pancreas	5.1 nTPM
Vascular	4.9 nTPM
Prostate	4.6 nTPM
Fallopian tube	4.1 nTPM
Adipose tissue	3.9 nTPM
Breast	3.7 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	2.9 nTPM
Liver	2.4 nTPM
Skin	1.6 nTPM
Heart muscle	1.3 nTPM
Esophagus	1.2 nTPM
Stomach	0.0 nTPM

Granulocytes	2.1 nTPM
Lung	4.0 nTPM
Fallopian tube	2.3 nTPM
Tongue	0.0 nTPM

Intestinal goblet cells	48.0 nTPM
Small intestine	75.9 nTPM
Colon	39.1 nTPM
Rectum	28.9 nTPM

Lymphatic endothelial cells	1.2 nTPM
Fallopian tube	2.4 nTPM
Ovary	0.0 nTPM

Macrophages	5.0 nTPM
Breast	10.7 nTPM
Tongue	7.9 nTPM
Skin	6.7 nTPM
Adipose tissue	6.5 nTPM
Prostate	6.3 nTPM
Salivary gland	6.3 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	5.8 nTPM
Thymus	5.8 nTPM
Lung	5.6 nTPM
Kidney	5.3 nTPM
Bone marrow	5.1 nTPM
Stomach	5.1 nTPM
Fallopian tube	4.3 nTPM
Vascular	3.8 nTPM
Endometrium	3.7 nTPM
Pancreas	2.1 nTPM
Spleen	2.0 nTPM
Testis	1.9 nTPM
Esophagus	0.0 nTPM

Paneth cells	42.6 nTPM
Colon	86.8 nTPM
Rectum	23.6 nTPM
Small intestine	17.3 nTPM

Basal prostatic cells	5.5 nTPM
Prostate	5.5 nTPM

Bipolar cells	19.0 nTPM
Eye	19.0 nTPM

Cholangiocytes	13.4 nTPM
Liver	13.4 nTPM

Collecting duct cells	17.5 nTPM
Kidney	17.5 nTPM

Plasma cells	3.0 nTPM
Salivary gland	8.5 nTPM
Thymus	7.3 nTPM
Liver	4.0 nTPM
Fallopian tube	2.9 nTPM
Spleen	0.7 nTPM
Stomach	0.4 nTPM
Esophagus	0.0 nTPM
Bone marrow	0.0 nTPM

Schwann cells	8.5 nTPM
Adipose tissue	18.7 nTPM
Vascular	6.8 nTPM
Esophagus	0.0 nTPM

Serous glandular cells	10.7 nTPM
Tongue	13.3 nTPM
Salivary gland	8.2 nTPM

Smooth muscle cells	4.5 nTPM
Adipose tissue	7.8 nTPM
Endometrium	6.9 nTPM
Tongue	6.9 nTPM
Salivary gland	6.2 nTPM
Thymus	6.2 nTPM
Breast	5.4 nTPM
Vascular	4.9 nTPM
Fallopian tube	4.8 nTPM
Lung	4.7 nTPM
Ovary	4.4 nTPM
Prostate	3.0 nTPM
Liver	2.5 nTPM
Esophagus	2.4 nTPM
Placenta	2.3 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	2.3 nTPM
Skin	1.7 nTPM

Suprabasal keratinocytes	25.1 nTPM
Tongue	46.8 nTPM
Skin	3.5 nTPM

T-cells	4.4 nTPM
Breast	15.4 nTPM
Colon	8.8 nTPM
Endometrium	8.1 nTPM
Adipose tissue	7.7 nTPM
Esophagus	7.3 nTPM
Tongue	6.7 nTPM
Thymus	5.8 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	5.3 nTPM
Salivary gland	5.3 nTPM
Lung	3.4 nTPM
Vascular	3.2 nTPM
Fallopian tube	3.1 nTPM
Spleen	2.6 nTPM
Skin	2.1 nTPM
Liver	1.9 nTPM
Lymph node	1.8 nTPM
Prostate	1.4 nTPM
Stomach	1.2 nTPM
Kidney	0.9 nTPM
PBMC	0.9 nTPM
Bone marrow	0.5 nTPM

Undifferentiated cells	19.2 nTPM
Small intestine	28.9 nTPM
Rectum	15.7 nTPM
Colon	12.9 nTPM

Amygdala excitatory	10.3 nTPM
Hypothalamus	13.4 nTPM
Thalamus	10.9 nTPM
Amygdala	10.3 nTPM
Hippocampus	10.3 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	10.1 nTPM
Basal ganglia	6.6 nTPM

Astrocyte	12.8 nTPM
Cerebellum	17.7 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	15.8 nTPM
Midbrain	15.3 nTPM
Thalamus	15.0 nTPM
Hippocampus	14.2 nTPM
Pons	12.1 nTPM
Amygdala	11.2 nTPM
Spinal cord	10.7 nTPM
Basal ganglia	10.6 nTPM
Hypothalamus	9.5 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	9.2 nTPM

Bergmann glia	16.7 nTPM
Pons	18.7 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	17.0 nTPM
Cerebellum	14.4 nTPM

Central nervous system macrophage	8.5 nTPM
Cerebellum	11.3 nTPM
Midbrain	10.6 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	9.7 nTPM
Hippocampus	9.4 nTPM
Spinal cord	9.4 nTPM
Pons	9.0 nTPM
Thalamus	8.2 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	7.9 nTPM
Amygdala	6.9 nTPM
Basal ganglia	6.5 nTPM
Hypothalamus	4.5 nTPM

Cerebellar inhibitory	13.7 nTPM
Midbrain	19.6 nTPM
Cerebellum	18.3 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	14.0 nTPM
Pons	14.0 nTPM
Spinal cord	2.7 nTPM

Cge interneuron	11.4 nTPM
Hypothalamus	14.3 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	13.0 nTPM
Amygdala	11.7 nTPM
Hippocampus	11.5 nTPM
Basal ganglia	11.3 nTPM
Thalamus	9.1 nTPM
Midbrain	9.0 nTPM

Choroid plexus epithelial cell	17.2 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	22.8 nTPM
Thalamus	16.4 nTPM
Basal ganglia	15.5 nTPM
Hippocampus	13.9 nTPM

Committed oligodendrocyte precursor	38.5 nTPM
Thalamus	82.8 nTPM
Amygdala	49.6 nTPM
Hypothalamus	47.8 nTPM
Hippocampus	36.0 nTPM
Cerebellum	34.9 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	33.6 nTPM
Pons	31.9 nTPM
Basal ganglia	31.2 nTPM
Spinal cord	29.4 nTPM
Midbrain	24.4 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	21.9 nTPM

Deep-layer corticothalamic and 6b	10.3 nTPM
Hypothalamus	16.5 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	10.9 nTPM
Basal ganglia	10.7 nTPM
Hippocampus	9.0 nTPM
Amygdala	8.9 nTPM
Midbrain	5.5 nTPM

Deep-layer intratelencephalic	12.1 nTPM
Hypothalamus	16.7 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	12.0 nTPM
Basal ganglia	11.5 nTPM
Amygdala	10.3 nTPM
Hippocampus	10.3 nTPM

Deep-layer near-projecting	12.1 nTPM
Hypothalamus	15.8 nTPM
Amygdala	13.7 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	11.9 nTPM
Basal ganglia	10.1 nTPM
Hippocampus	8.8 nTPM

Eccentric medium spiny neuron	8.4 nTPM
Basal ganglia	9.8 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	9.8 nTPM
Hypothalamus	9.5 nTPM
Amygdala	8.4 nTPM
Thalamus	7.7 nTPM
Hippocampus	5.4 nTPM

Endothelial cell	5.7 nTPM
Basal ganglia	9.3 nTPM
Midbrain	7.6 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	7.0 nTPM
Hippocampus	6.1 nTPM
Amygdala	5.6 nTPM
Pons	5.6 nTPM
Thalamus	5.6 nTPM
Cerebellum	5.4 nTPM
Hypothalamus	5.0 nTPM
Spinal cord	3.5 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	2.1 nTPM