Single cell type - PARP6 - The Human Protein Atlas

PARP6

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GENERAL INFORMATIONⁱ General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene nameⁱ Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.	PARP6
Gene descriptionⁱ Full gene name according to HGNC.	Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase family member 6
Protein classⁱ Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).	Metabolic proteins
Predicted locationⁱ All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions. Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached. Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s). The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.	Intracellular
Number of transcriptsⁱ Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.	9

HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS INFORMATIONⁱ Summary of RNA expression and protein localization based on data generated within the Human Protein Atlas project.
Single cell type expression clusterⁱ The RNA data was used to cluster genes according to their expression across single cell types. Clusters contain genes that have similar expression patterns, and each cluster has been manually annotated to describe common features in terms of function and specificity.	Late spermatids - Unknown function (mainly)
Single cell type specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed cell types based on scRNA-seq data from normal tissues. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected.	Cell type enhanced (Late spermatids)
Tau specificity scoreⁱ Tau specificity score is a numerical indicator of the specificity of the gene expression across cells or tissues. The value ranges from 0 and 1, where 0 indicates identical expression across all cells/tissue types, while 1 indicates expression in a single cell/tissue type.	0.51
Brain cluster specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed cell cluster types based on snRNA-seq data from brain samples. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected. "cell type" refer to one of the 34 cluster names used to summarize the 2.5 million cells included in the brain cell representation.	Low cell type specificity
Immune cell specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed samples based on data from HPA. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected.	Low immune cell specificity
Protein evidenceⁱ Evidence score for genes based on UniProt protein existence (UniProt evidence); neXtProt protein existence (neXtProt evidence);and a Human Protein Atlas antibody- or RNA based score (HPA evidence). The avaliable scores are evidence at protein level, evidence at transcript level, no evidence, or not avaliable.	Evidence at protein level

ASSAYSⁱ

SINGLE CELL TYPESⁱ A summary of normalized single cell RNA (nTPM) from all single cell types. Color-coding is based on cell type groups, each consisting of cell types with functional features in common.
Single cell types RNA single cell type specificity: Cell type enhanced (Late spermatids)

TISSUE CELL TYPEⁱ The tissue cell type section provides a cell type specificity prediction for all protein coding genes. More information on the data available can be found here and a description of the analysis here.
	Core cell typesⁱ The core cell type table displays data for a panel of eight cell types that are found in many tissues. Colored dots indicate that the selected gene has core cell type specificity in the indicated tissue. Grey dots indicate that cell type is present within that tissue, but the selected gene is not predicted to be enriched there. Category Alphabetical Enrichment Tissue specific cell typesⁱ This plot shows the enrichment score of the selected gene in all non-core cell types found within the profiled tissues, allowing comparisons between different cell types within different tissues. An enlarged symbol indicates classification of the gene as cell type enriched in the corresponding cell type.

SINGLE NUCLEI BRAINⁱ

Single nuclei cluster types

RNA brain cluster specificity: Low cell type specificity

IMMUNE CELL TYPE EXPRESSION (RNA)ⁱ Blood cell type expression overview shows RNA-seq data from three different sources: Internally generated Human Protein Atlas (HPA) data, as well as data generated by (Monaco et al) and (Schmiedel et al). Color-coding is based on blood cell type lineages, including B-cells, T-cells, NK-cells, monocytes, granulocytes and dendritic cells as well as total PBMC. To access sample data, click on tissue name or bar.
HPA datasetⁱ The resulting transcript expression values calculated as nTPM, resulting from the internal normalization pipeline for 18 immune cell types and total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Lineage Expression Alphabetical Immune cell type specificity: Low immune cell specificity
Monaco datasetⁱ The transcript expression values (nTPM) resulting from the internal normalization pipeline are visualized for 29 blood cell types and total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from Monaco et al. Lineage Expression Alphabetical
Schmiedel datasetⁱ Transcript Per Million (TPM) values are visualized for 15 blood cell types from the Schmiedel et al. dataset. Lineage Expression Alphabetical

EXPRESSION CLUSTERING & CORRELATIONⁱ

SINGLE CELL TYPE

PARP6 is part of cluster 36 Late spermatids - Unknown function with confidenceⁱ 1
427 genes in cluster

Go to interactive expression cluster page

15 nearest neighbours based on single cell RNA expression

Neighbourⁱ Gene name according to HGNC.	Descriptionⁱ Gene description according to HGNC.	Correlationⁱ Correlation between the selected gene and neighboring gene. Correlation is calculated as Spearman correlation in PCA space based on the RNA-seq expression data.	Clusterⁱ ID of the expression cluster of the neighboring gene.
ST7L	Suppression of tumorigenicity 7 like	0.6550	36
SLC25A46	Solute carrier family 25 member 46	0.6410	36
LRTOMT	Leucine rich transmembrane and O-methyltransferase domain containing	0.6299	36
MROH7	Maestro heat like repeat family member 7	0.6172	36
RNF138	Ring finger protein 138	0.6088	36
DNAJC4	DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C4	0.6053	36
WASHC3	WASH complex subunit 3	0.6047	36
ACSBG2	Acyl-CoA synthetase bubblegum family member 2	0.6044	36
FANCM	FA complementation group M	0.6040	36
CCDC197	Coiled-coil domain containing 197	0.6031	36
ENSG00000259060	Novel protein	0.6022	36
KRT38	Keratin 38	0.5985	36
NT5C1B	5'-nucleotidase, cytosolic IB	0.5985	36
AZIN2	Antizyme inhibitor 2	0.5971	36
TPPP2	Tubulin polymerization promoting protein family member 2	0.5970	36

IMMUNE CELLS

PARP6 is part of cluster 25 Non-specific - Unknown function with confidenceⁱ 0.89
355 genes in cluster

Go to interactive expression cluster page

15 nearest neighbours based on single cell RNA expression

Neighbourⁱ Gene name according to HGNC.	Descriptionⁱ Gene description according to HGNC.	Correlationⁱ Correlation between the selected gene and neighboring gene. Correlation is calculated as Spearman correlation in PCA space based on the RNA-seq expression data.	Clusterⁱ ID of the expression cluster of the neighboring gene.
CYB5R3	Cytochrome b5 reductase 3	0.9762	25
KDM1B	Lysine demethylase 1B	0.9762	25
VIPAS39	VPS33B interacting protein, apical-basolateral polarity regulator, spe-39 homolog	0.9762	25
SIGLEC10	Sialic acid binding Ig like lectin 10	0.9762	25
LMO2	LIM domain only 2	0.9762	25
SIN3B	SIN3 transcription regulator family member B	0.9762	25
FAM32A	Family with sequence similarity 32 member A	0.9762	25
ZMAT5	Zinc finger matrin-type 5	0.9762	25
HEATR6	HEAT repeat containing 6	0.9762	29
PNPLA6	Patatin like phospholipase domain containing 6	0.9762	25
TYMP	Thymidine phosphorylase	0.9762	25
TESC	Tescalcin	0.9524	25
SLC25A13	Solute carrier family 25 member 13	0.9524	25
PRR11	Proline rich 11	0.9524	25
IFT27	Intraflagellar transport 27	0.9524	25

Adipocytes	11.0 nTPM
Adipose tissue	11.7 nTPM
Breast	10.3 nTPM

Alveolar cells type 1	13.9 nTPM
Lung	13.9 nTPM

Alveolar cells type 2	10.7 nTPM
Lung	10.7 nTPM

Astrocytes	52.0 nTPM
Brain	52.0 nTPM

B-cells	13.0 nTPM
Lymph node	31.2 nTPM
Bone marrow	25.9 nTPM
Spleen	18.7 nTPM
Thymus	18.3 nTPM
Stomach	13.9 nTPM
Salivary gland	11.5 nTPM
Skin	10.2 nTPM
Adipose tissue	9.9 nTPM
Liver	9.7 nTPM
PBMC	9.2 nTPM
Lung	5.4 nTPM
Kidney	5.2 nTPM
Esophagus	0.0 nTPM

Ciliated cells	8.4 nTPM
Bronchus	10.8 nTPM
Lung	8.4 nTPM
Fallopian tube	8.0 nTPM
Endometrium	6.6 nTPM

Club cells	10.6 nTPM
Prostate	11.8 nTPM
Lung	11.0 nTPM
Bronchus	9.0 nTPM

Endothelial cells	11.7 nTPM
Heart muscle	28.7 nTPM
Esophagus	23.2 nTPM
Thymus	14.8 nTPM
Breast	14.1 nTPM
Prostate	12.3 nTPM
Skin	11.0 nTPM
Ovary	10.8 nTPM
Testis	10.7 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	10.5 nTPM
Tongue	10.4 nTPM
Liver	10.1 nTPM
Salivary gland	9.1 nTPM
Lung	8.9 nTPM
Vascular	8.7 nTPM
Placenta	8.5 nTPM
Endometrium	7.5 nTPM
Fallopian tube	7.0 nTPM
Pancreas	5.2 nTPM

Enteroendocrine cells	11.0 nTPM
Small intestine	13.7 nTPM
Rectum	13.4 nTPM
Colon	5.7 nTPM

Fibroblasts	11.4 nTPM
Stomach	21.6 nTPM
Esophagus	20.0 nTPM
Thymus	18.2 nTPM
Breast	12.6 nTPM
Adipose tissue	12.5 nTPM
Skin	11.8 nTPM
Salivary gland	11.8 nTPM
Vascular	11.3 nTPM
Heart muscle	10.5 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	10.0 nTPM
Fallopian tube	9.2 nTPM
Placenta	8.8 nTPM
Lung	7.9 nTPM
Pancreas	7.0 nTPM
Liver	4.7 nTPM
Prostate	4.6 nTPM

Granulocytes	7.5 nTPM
Fallopian tube	10.2 nTPM
Lung	7.6 nTPM
Tongue	4.9 nTPM

Intestinal goblet cells	6.6 nTPM
Small intestine	12.6 nTPM
Rectum	5.3 nTPM
Colon	2.0 nTPM

Lymphatic endothelial cells	13.4 nTPM
Ovary	21.8 nTPM
Fallopian tube	4.9 nTPM

Macrophages	13.4 nTPM
Esophagus	23.1 nTPM
Bone marrow	21.3 nTPM
Lung	17.6 nTPM
Adipose tissue	17.2 nTPM
Spleen	17.0 nTPM
Thymus	16.7 nTPM
Stomach	15.4 nTPM
Vascular	15.0 nTPM
Skin	14.5 nTPM
Testis	14.3 nTPM
Fallopian tube	13.8 nTPM
Breast	13.2 nTPM
Salivary gland	12.6 nTPM
Prostate	9.7 nTPM
Tongue	9.1 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	8.3 nTPM
Endometrium	7.4 nTPM
Kidney	5.3 nTPM
Pancreas	4.1 nTPM

Paneth cells	4.1 nTPM
Small intestine	6.9 nTPM
Rectum	5.3 nTPM
Colon	0.0 nTPM

Basal respiratory cells	6.7 nTPM
Bronchus	6.7 nTPM

Basal squamous epithelial cells	27.5 nTPM
Esophagus	27.5 nTPM

Bipolar cells	14.9 nTPM
Eye	14.9 nTPM

Collecting duct cells	5.8 nTPM
Kidney	5.8 nTPM

Plasma cells	10.8 nTPM
Esophagus	20.8 nTPM
Stomach	14.7 nTPM
Salivary gland	12.5 nTPM
Spleen	10.3 nTPM
Thymus	8.8 nTPM
Bone marrow	7.6 nTPM
Fallopian tube	5.8 nTPM
Liver	5.5 nTPM

Schwann cells	14.6 nTPM
Esophagus	24.0 nTPM
Vascular	10.4 nTPM
Adipose tissue	9.4 nTPM

Serous glandular cells	14.5 nTPM
Tongue	17.7 nTPM
Salivary gland	11.4 nTPM

Smooth muscle cells	9.5 nTPM
Esophagus	15.6 nTPM
Thymus	13.9 nTPM
Breast	13.6 nTPM
Adipose tissue	12.2 nTPM
Skin	11.3 nTPM
Tongue	10.5 nTPM
Vascular	9.5 nTPM
Ovary	9.5 nTPM
Fallopian tube	8.9 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	8.8 nTPM
Endometrium	7.8 nTPM
Salivary gland	7.6 nTPM
Lung	7.1 nTPM
Placenta	6.2 nTPM
Liver	4.7 nTPM
Prostate	4.3 nTPM

Suprabasal keratinocytes	12.4 nTPM
Skin	15.6 nTPM
Tongue	9.2 nTPM

T-cells	12.4 nTPM
Lymph node	32.5 nTPM
Esophagus	19.5 nTPM
Spleen	18.4 nTPM
Bone marrow	18.0 nTPM
Stomach	17.1 nTPM
Thymus	16.3 nTPM
Breast	14.7 nTPM
Lung	12.6 nTPM
Adipose tissue	11.8 nTPM
Salivary gland	10.4 nTPM
Fallopian tube	10.4 nTPM
Tongue	10.2 nTPM
Colon	9.7 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	9.5 nTPM
Skin	8.4 nTPM
PBMC	7.8 nTPM
Endometrium	7.6 nTPM
Vascular	7.6 nTPM
Prostate	7.5 nTPM
Kidney	5.3 nTPM
Liver	5.2 nTPM

Undifferentiated cells	5.9 nTPM
Small intestine	9.1 nTPM
Rectum	4.7 nTPM
Colon	3.8 nTPM

Amygdala excitatory	25.6 nTPM
Hypothalamus	28.9 nTPM
Amygdala	28.4 nTPM
Hippocampus	28.4 nTPM
Basal ganglia	24.9 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	24.7 nTPM
Thalamus	18.6 nTPM

Astrocyte	98.6 nTPM
Spinal cord	108.7 nTPM
Cerebellum	108.6 nTPM
Pons	105.8 nTPM
Midbrain	105.6 nTPM
Hippocampus	104.2 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	102.0 nTPM
Amygdala	97.5 nTPM
Thalamus	96.2 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	88.1 nTPM
Hypothalamus	87.3 nTPM
Basal ganglia	81.2 nTPM

Bergmann glia	65.6 nTPM
Cerebellum	84.4 nTPM
Pons	67.6 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	44.8 nTPM

Central nervous system macrophage	45.6 nTPM
Hippocampus	56.2 nTPM
Amygdala	56.0 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	48.8 nTPM
Cerebellum	48.2 nTPM
Midbrain	47.1 nTPM
Thalamus	44.2 nTPM
Spinal cord	43.3 nTPM
Pons	41.8 nTPM
Basal ganglia	41.6 nTPM
Hypothalamus	39.9 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	34.7 nTPM

Cerebellar inhibitory	23.0 nTPM
Spinal cord	33.0 nTPM
Cerebellum	21.6 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	21.2 nTPM
Midbrain	19.9 nTPM
Pons	19.5 nTPM

Cge interneuron	25.6 nTPM
Hypothalamus	30.2 nTPM
Thalamus	26.6 nTPM
Amygdala	25.4 nTPM
Basal ganglia	25.0 nTPM
Midbrain	24.9 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	23.8 nTPM
Hippocampus	23.4 nTPM

Choroid plexus epithelial cell	40.4 nTPM
Basal ganglia	64.0 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	47.9 nTPM
Thalamus	35.6 nTPM
Hippocampus	13.9 nTPM

Committed oligodendrocyte precursor	44.5 nTPM
Thalamus	65.5 nTPM
Hypothalamus	63.5 nTPM
Amygdala	54.7 nTPM
Hippocampus	54.1 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	45.0 nTPM
Basal ganglia	43.3 nTPM
Midbrain	39.5 nTPM
Pons	37.2 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	32.3 nTPM
Cerebellum	28.5 nTPM
Spinal cord	25.8 nTPM

Deep-layer corticothalamic and 6b	24.7 nTPM
Hypothalamus	27.0 nTPM
Amygdala	24.7 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	24.7 nTPM
Midbrain	24.4 nTPM
Basal ganglia	23.7 nTPM
Hippocampus	23.6 nTPM

Deep-layer intratelencephalic	24.8 nTPM
Hypothalamus	26.4 nTPM
Amygdala	26.1 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	24.3 nTPM
Hippocampus	24.1 nTPM
Basal ganglia	22.9 nTPM

Deep-layer near-projecting	21.4 nTPM
Hypothalamus	26.8 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	24.6 nTPM
Amygdala	21.8 nTPM
Basal ganglia	18.4 nTPM
Hippocampus	15.6 nTPM

Eccentric medium spiny neuron	27.9 nTPM
Thalamus	29.7 nTPM
Hypothalamus	28.9 nTPM
Amygdala	27.8 nTPM
Basal ganglia	27.8 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	27.0 nTPM
Hippocampus	26.1 nTPM

Endothelial cell	39.4 nTPM
Hypothalamus	59.6 nTPM
Amygdala	51.4 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	48.6 nTPM
Basal ganglia	48.5 nTPM
Thalamus	35.6 nTPM
Hippocampus	35.3 nTPM
Midbrain	35.0 nTPM
Spinal cord	32.8 nTPM
Pons	32.5 nTPM
Cerebellum	29.4 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	24.6 nTPM