Single cell type - DSC2 - The Human Protein Atlas

DSC2

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Pathway

GENERAL INFORMATIONⁱ General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene nameⁱ Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.	DSC2
Gene descriptionⁱ Full gene name according to HGNC.	Desmocollin 2
Protein classⁱ Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).	Disease related genes Human disease related genes Plasma proteins
Predicted locationⁱ All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions. Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached. Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s). The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.	Membrane
Number of transcriptsⁱ Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.	4

HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS INFORMATIONⁱ Summary of RNA expression and protein localization based on data generated within the Human Protein Atlas project.
Single cell type expression clusterⁱ The RNA data was used to cluster genes according to their expression across single cell types. Clusters contain genes that have similar expression patterns, and each cluster has been manually annotated to describe common features in terms of function and specificity.	Suprabasal keratinocytes - Cornification (mainly)
Single cell type specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed cell types based on scRNA-seq data from normal tissues. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected.	Cell type enhanced (Suprabasal keratinocytes, Squamous epithelial cells, Basal keratinocytes, Distal enterocytes)
Tau specificity scoreⁱ Tau specificity score is a numerical indicator of the specificity of the gene expression across cells or tissues. The value ranges from 0 and 1, where 0 indicates identical expression across all cells/tissue types, while 1 indicates expression in a single cell/tissue type.	0.65
Brain cluster specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed cell cluster types based on snRNA-seq data from brain samples. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected. "cell type" refer to one of the 34 cluster names used to summarize the 2.5 million cells included in the brain cell representation.	Cell type enhanced (Central nervous system macrophage)
Immune cell specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed samples based on data from HPA. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected.	Group enriched (eosinophil, neutrophil)
Protein evidenceⁱ Evidence score for genes based on UniProt protein existence (UniProt evidence); neXtProt protein existence (neXtProt evidence);and a Human Protein Atlas antibody- or RNA based score (HPA evidence). The avaliable scores are evidence at protein level, evidence at transcript level, no evidence, or not avaliable.	Evidence at protein level

ASSAYSⁱ

SINGLE CELL TYPESⁱ A summary of normalized single cell RNA (nTPM) from all single cell types. Color-coding is based on cell type groups, each consisting of cell types with functional features in common.
Single cell types RNA single cell type specificity: Cell type enhanced (Suprabasal keratinocytes, Squamous epithelial cells, Basal keratinocytes, Distal enterocytes)

TISSUE CELL TYPEⁱ The tissue cell type section provides a cell type specificity prediction for all protein coding genes. More information on the data available can be found here and a description of the analysis here.
	Core cell typesⁱ The core cell type table displays data for a panel of eight cell types that are found in many tissues. Colored dots indicate that the selected gene has core cell type specificity in the indicated tissue. Grey dots indicate that cell type is present within that tissue, but the selected gene is not predicted to be enriched there. Category Alphabetical Enrichment Tissue specific cell typesⁱ This plot shows the enrichment score of the selected gene in all non-core cell types found within the profiled tissues, allowing comparisons between different cell types within different tissues. An enlarged symbol indicates classification of the gene as cell type enriched in the corresponding cell type.

SINGLE NUCLEI BRAINⁱ

Single nuclei cluster types

RNA brain cluster specificity: Cell type enhanced (Central nervous system macrophage)

IMMUNE CELL TYPE EXPRESSION (RNA)ⁱ Blood cell type expression overview shows RNA-seq data from three different sources: Internally generated Human Protein Atlas (HPA) data, as well as data generated by (Monaco et al) and (Schmiedel et al). Color-coding is based on blood cell type lineages, including B-cells, T-cells, NK-cells, monocytes, granulocytes and dendritic cells as well as total PBMC. To access sample data, click on tissue name or bar.
HPA datasetⁱ The resulting transcript expression values calculated as nTPM, resulting from the internal normalization pipeline for 18 immune cell types and total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Lineage Expression Alphabetical Immune cell type specificity: Group enriched (eosinophil, neutrophil)
Monaco datasetⁱ The transcript expression values (nTPM) resulting from the internal normalization pipeline are visualized for 29 blood cell types and total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from Monaco et al. Lineage Expression Alphabetical
Schmiedel datasetⁱ Transcript Per Million (TPM) values are visualized for 15 blood cell types from the Schmiedel et al. dataset. Lineage Expression Alphabetical

EXPRESSION CLUSTERING & CORRELATIONⁱ

SINGLE CELL TYPE

DSC2 is part of cluster 59 Suprabasal keratinocytes - Cornification with confidenceⁱ 1
186 genes in cluster

Go to interactive expression cluster page

15 nearest neighbours based on single cell RNA expression

Neighbourⁱ Gene name according to HGNC.	Descriptionⁱ Gene description according to HGNC.	Correlationⁱ Correlation between the selected gene and neighboring gene. Correlation is calculated as Spearman correlation in PCA space based on the RNA-seq expression data.	Clusterⁱ ID of the expression cluster of the neighboring gene.
GBP6	Guanylate binding protein family member 6	0.9535	59
TMPRSS11F	Transmembrane serine protease 11F	0.9382	59
KRT13	Keratin 13	0.9157	59
EVPL	Envoplakin	0.9151	59
SERPINB13	Serpin family B member 13	0.9082	59
RHCG	Rh family C glycoprotein	0.9059	59
KRT76	Keratin 76	0.9059	59
A2ML1	Alpha-2-macroglobulin like 1	0.9042	59
TMEM79	Transmembrane protein 79	0.9025	59
DYNAP	Dynactin associated protein	0.8976	59
GJB6	Gap junction protein beta 6	0.8963	59
SPINK5	Serine peptidase inhibitor Kazal type 5	0.8923	59
VSIG8	V-set and immunoglobulin domain containing 8	0.8910	59
SLURP2	Secreted LY6/PLAUR domain containing 2	0.8902	59
SDR9C7	Short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family 9C member 7	0.8869	59

IMMUNE CELLS

DSC2 is part of cluster 36 Eosinophils - Protein ubiquitination with confidenceⁱ 0.99
179 genes in cluster

Go to interactive expression cluster page

15 nearest neighbours based on single cell RNA expression

Neighbourⁱ Gene name according to HGNC.	Descriptionⁱ Gene description according to HGNC.	Correlationⁱ Correlation between the selected gene and neighboring gene. Correlation is calculated as Spearman correlation in PCA space based on the RNA-seq expression data.	Clusterⁱ ID of the expression cluster of the neighboring gene.
PPARD	Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta	1.0000	36
MID1IP1	MID1 interacting protein 1	1.0000	36
LRPAP1	LDL receptor related protein associated protein 1	1.0000	36
DNAJA4	DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member A4	1.0000	36
CDAN1	Codanin 1	1.0000	36
ITGB7	Integrin subunit beta 7	1.0000	36
BLTP1	Bridge-like lipid transfer protein family member 1	1.0000	36
ANKRD6	Ankyrin repeat domain 6	1.0000	36
C9orf40	Chromosome 9 open reading frame 40	1.0000	36
GADD45G	Growth arrest and DNA damage inducible gamma	1.0000	36
AOC1	Amine oxidase copper containing 1	1.0000	36
KRT23	Keratin 23	1.0000	36
OLFM2	Olfactomedin 2	1.0000	36
MAPK3	Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3	1.0000	36
TTI1	TELO2 interacting protein 1	1.0000	36

Adipocytes	25.0 nTPM
Adipose tissue	30.8 nTPM
Breast	19.1 nTPM

Alveolar cells type 1	90.7 nTPM
Lung	90.7 nTPM

Alveolar cells type 2	9.7 nTPM
Lung	9.7 nTPM

Astrocytes	3.1 nTPM
Brain	3.1 nTPM

B-cells	2.6 nTPM
Esophagus	17.7 nTPM
Skin	6.8 nTPM
Salivary gland	5.0 nTPM
Stomach	3.0 nTPM
Thymus	0.8 nTPM
Spleen	0.5 nTPM
Lymph node	0.3 nTPM
Kidney	0.0 nTPM
Liver	0.0 nTPM
PBMC	0.0 nTPM
Adipose tissue	0.0 nTPM
Bone marrow	0.0 nTPM
Lung	0.0 nTPM

Basal squamous epithelial cells	135.8 nTPM
Esophagus	135.8 nTPM

Ciliated cells	14.0 nTPM
Fallopian tube	24.6 nTPM
Endometrium	18.9 nTPM
Bronchus	10.2 nTPM
Lung	2.2 nTPM

Club cells	14.8 nTPM
Prostate	20.1 nTPM
Bronchus	17.5 nTPM
Lung	6.7 nTPM

Endothelial cells	17.0 nTPM
Tongue	161.8 nTPM
Pancreas	23.3 nTPM
Liver	22.7 nTPM
Salivary gland	14.7 nTPM
Heart muscle	14.4 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	12.5 nTPM
Vascular	11.9 nTPM
Thymus	9.3 nTPM
Skin	9.0 nTPM
Esophagus	5.6 nTPM
Placenta	5.1 nTPM
Lung	4.4 nTPM
Breast	4.4 nTPM
Endometrium	4.1 nTPM
Fallopian tube	1.8 nTPM
Testis	0.9 nTPM
Prostate	0.5 nTPM
Ovary	0.0 nTPM

Enteroendocrine cells	87.3 nTPM
Colon	136.5 nTPM
Rectum	73.8 nTPM
Small intestine	51.5 nTPM

Fibroblasts	11.5 nTPM
Placenta	97.9 nTPM
Heart muscle	23.2 nTPM
Liver	21.3 nTPM
Lung	9.9 nTPM
Pancreas	9.2 nTPM
Salivary gland	6.2 nTPM
Esophagus	4.4 nTPM
Breast	3.8 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	2.1 nTPM
Vascular	2.1 nTPM
Skin	1.5 nTPM
Fallopian tube	1.1 nTPM
Thymus	0.8 nTPM
Prostate	0.7 nTPM
Adipose tissue	0.4 nTPM
Stomach	0.0 nTPM

Granulocytes	34.6 nTPM
Tongue	101.9 nTPM
Lung	1.0 nTPM
Fallopian tube	1.0 nTPM

Intestinal goblet cells	71.0 nTPM
Colon	81.2 nTPM
Rectum	79.0 nTPM
Small intestine	52.9 nTPM

Lymphatic endothelial cells	0.5 nTPM
Fallopian tube	1.1 nTPM
Ovary	0.0 nTPM

Macrophages	55.9 nTPM
Tongue	236.5 nTPM
Vascular	86.9 nTPM
Thymus	79.5 nTPM
Salivary gland	64.8 nTPM
Testis	61.4 nTPM
Lung	52.6 nTPM
Pancreas	51.4 nTPM
Esophagus	50.1 nTPM
Skin	45.7 nTPM
Spleen	44.1 nTPM
Stomach	43.7 nTPM
Fallopian tube	43.3 nTPM
Bone marrow	41.6 nTPM
Adipose tissue	37.0 nTPM
Prostate	35.2 nTPM
Kidney	23.9 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	23.1 nTPM
Breast	21.7 nTPM
Endometrium	19.7 nTPM

Bipolar cells	0.6 nTPM
Eye	0.6 nTPM

Cholangiocytes	26.7 nTPM
Liver	26.7 nTPM

Collecting duct cells	11.7 nTPM
Kidney	11.7 nTPM

Cytotrophoblasts	102.7 nTPM
Placenta	102.7 nTPM

Paneth cells	178.5 nTPM
Colon	275.0 nTPM
Rectum	160.3 nTPM
Small intestine	100.2 nTPM

Plasma cells	2.8 nTPM
Salivary gland	19.3 nTPM
Liver	1.5 nTPM
Fallopian tube	0.6 nTPM
Stomach	0.4 nTPM
Thymus	0.4 nTPM
Esophagus	0.0 nTPM
Bone marrow	0.0 nTPM
Spleen	0.0 nTPM

Schwann cells	4.0 nTPM
Esophagus	12.0 nTPM
Adipose tissue	0.0 nTPM
Vascular	0.0 nTPM

Serous glandular cells	246.7 nTPM
Tongue	353.5 nTPM
Salivary gland	139.9 nTPM

Smooth muscle cells	10.9 nTPM
Tongue	90.7 nTPM
Salivary gland	59.8 nTPM
Fallopian tube	3.4 nTPM
Placenta	3.1 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	2.9 nTPM
Esophagus	2.4 nTPM
Breast	2.2 nTPM
Skin	1.7 nTPM
Liver	1.3 nTPM
Endometrium	1.2 nTPM
Lung	1.2 nTPM
Prostate	1.2 nTPM
Vascular	0.9 nTPM
Thymus	0.8 nTPM
Adipose tissue	0.7 nTPM
Ovary	0.2 nTPM

Suprabasal keratinocytes	1501.7 nTPM
Tongue	2939.5 nTPM
Skin	63.9 nTPM

T-cells	8.1 nTPM
Tongue	137.2 nTPM
Colon	8.8 nTPM
Salivary gland	7.1 nTPM
Breast	3.3 nTPM
Vascular	3.2 nTPM
Endometrium	2.7 nTPM
Lung	2.6 nTPM
Kidney	0.9 nTPM
Fallopian tube	0.8 nTPM
Skin	0.7 nTPM
Prostate	0.6 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	0.4 nTPM
Liver	0.3 nTPM
Spleen	0.3 nTPM
PBMC	0.2 nTPM
Lymph node	0.2 nTPM
Stomach	0.2 nTPM
Thymus	0.2 nTPM
Adipose tissue	0.1 nTPM
Bone marrow	0.1 nTPM
Esophagus	0.0 nTPM

Undifferentiated cells	55.1 nTPM
Rectum	62.9 nTPM
Small intestine	52.1 nTPM
Colon	50.4 nTPM

Amygdala excitatory	5.9 nTPM
Basal ganglia	8.0 nTPM
Hippocampus	7.5 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	7.1 nTPM
Hypothalamus	5.7 nTPM
Amygdala	5.5 nTPM
Thalamus	1.4 nTPM

Astrocyte	8.0 nTPM
Amygdala	10.5 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	9.2 nTPM
Pons	9.2 nTPM
Midbrain	8.8 nTPM
Hypothalamus	8.4 nTPM
Spinal cord	8.3 nTPM
Basal ganglia	7.3 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	6.8 nTPM
Hippocampus	6.8 nTPM
Thalamus	6.8 nTPM
Cerebellum	5.9 nTPM

Bergmann glia	3.2 nTPM
Pons	4.3 nTPM
Cerebellum	3.2 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	2.1 nTPM

Central nervous system macrophage	26.9 nTPM
Amygdala	36.3 nTPM
Hypothalamus	32.5 nTPM
Basal ganglia	29.4 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	29.2 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	26.5 nTPM
Midbrain	26.0 nTPM
Pons	25.8 nTPM
Spinal cord	25.0 nTPM
Thalamus	23.9 nTPM
Hippocampus	23.2 nTPM
Cerebellum	17.8 nTPM

Cerebellar inhibitory	3.8 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	5.0 nTPM
Midbrain	4.0 nTPM
Pons	3.8 nTPM
Cerebellum	3.5 nTPM
Spinal cord	2.7 nTPM

Cge interneuron	3.7 nTPM
Amygdala	4.7 nTPM
Basal ganglia	4.5 nTPM
Hypothalamus	4.3 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	3.9 nTPM
Hippocampus	3.7 nTPM
Midbrain	2.6 nTPM
Thalamus	2.3 nTPM

Choroid plexus epithelial cell	3.9 nTPM
Hippocampus	5.5 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	4.0 nTPM
Basal ganglia	3.2 nTPM
Thalamus	2.7 nTPM

Committed oligodendrocyte precursor	2.0 nTPM
Cerebellum	4.8 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	3.8 nTPM
Hippocampus	2.8 nTPM
Basal ganglia	2.7 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	2.6 nTPM
Hypothalamus	2.0 nTPM
Thalamus	1.1 nTPM
Pons	0.9 nTPM
Midbrain	0.8 nTPM
Amygdala	0.6 nTPM
Spinal cord	0.0 nTPM

Deep-layer corticothalamic and 6b	7.4 nTPM
Hippocampus	9.5 nTPM
Amygdala	9.3 nTPM
Basal ganglia	7.6 nTPM
Midbrain	6.7 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	5.7 nTPM
Hypothalamus	5.6 nTPM

Deep-layer intratelencephalic	7.0 nTPM
Amygdala	8.3 nTPM
Hippocampus	7.7 nTPM
Basal ganglia	7.4 nTPM
Hypothalamus	6.5 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	5.2 nTPM

Deep-layer near-projecting	5.5 nTPM
Basal ganglia	8.0 nTPM
Hypothalamus	5.8 nTPM
Amygdala	5.0 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	4.7 nTPM
Hippocampus	4.2 nTPM

Eccentric medium spiny neuron	6.0 nTPM
Hippocampus	8.7 nTPM
Amygdala	6.3 nTPM
Thalamus	6.2 nTPM
Basal ganglia	5.4 nTPM
Hypothalamus	4.7 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	4.6 nTPM