Single cell type - DDC - The Human Protein Atlas

DDC

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Pathway

GENERAL INFORMATIONⁱ General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene nameⁱ Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.	DDC
Gene descriptionⁱ Full gene name according to HGNC.	Dopa decarboxylase
Protein classⁱ Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).	Disease related genes Enzymes FDA approved drug targets Human disease related genes Metabolic proteins
Predicted locationⁱ All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions. Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached. Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s). The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.	Intracellular
Number of transcriptsⁱ Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.	10

HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS INFORMATIONⁱ Summary of RNA expression and protein localization based on data generated within the Human Protein Atlas project.
Single cell type expression clusterⁱ The RNA data was used to cluster genes according to their expression across single cell types. Clusters contain genes that have similar expression patterns, and each cluster has been manually annotated to describe common features in terms of function and specificity.	Proximal enterocytes - Digestion (mainly)
Single cell type specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed cell types based on scRNA-seq data from normal tissues. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected.	Group enriched (Rod photoreceptor cells, Proximal enterocytes, Enteroendocrine cells, Proximal tubular cells)
Tau specificity scoreⁱ Tau specificity score is a numerical indicator of the specificity of the gene expression across cells or tissues. The value ranges from 0 and 1, where 0 indicates identical expression across all cells/tissue types, while 1 indicates expression in a single cell/tissue type.	0.85
Brain cluster specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed cell cluster types based on snRNA-seq data from brain samples. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected. "cell type" refer to one of the 34 cluster names used to summarize the 2.5 million cells included in the brain cell representation.	Cell type enhanced (Splatter)
Immune cell specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed samples based on data from HPA. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected.	Not detected in immune cells
Protein evidenceⁱ Evidence score for genes based on UniProt protein existence (UniProt evidence); neXtProt protein existence (neXtProt evidence);and a Human Protein Atlas antibody- or RNA based score (HPA evidence). The avaliable scores are evidence at protein level, evidence at transcript level, no evidence, or not avaliable.	Evidence at protein level

ASSAYSⁱ

SINGLE CELL TYPESⁱ A summary of normalized single cell RNA (nTPM) from all single cell types. Color-coding is based on cell type groups, each consisting of cell types with functional features in common.
Single cell types RNA single cell type specificity: Group enriched (Rod photoreceptor cells, Proximal enterocytes, Enteroendocrine cells, Proximal tubular cells)

TISSUE CELL TYPEⁱ The tissue cell type section provides a cell type specificity prediction for all protein coding genes. More information on the data available can be found here and a description of the analysis here.
	Core cell typesⁱ The core cell type table displays data for a panel of eight cell types that are found in many tissues. Colored dots indicate that the selected gene has core cell type specificity in the indicated tissue. Grey dots indicate that cell type is present within that tissue, but the selected gene is not predicted to be enriched there. Category Alphabetical Enrichment Tissue specific cell typesⁱ This plot shows the enrichment score of the selected gene in all non-core cell types found within the profiled tissues, allowing comparisons between different cell types within different tissues. An enlarged symbol indicates classification of the gene as cell type enriched in the corresponding cell type.

SINGLE NUCLEI BRAINⁱ

Single nuclei cluster types

RNA brain cluster specificity: Cell type enhanced (Splatter)

IMMUNE CELL TYPE EXPRESSION (RNA)ⁱ Blood cell type expression overview shows RNA-seq data from three different sources: Internally generated Human Protein Atlas (HPA) data, as well as data generated by (Monaco et al) and (Schmiedel et al). Color-coding is based on blood cell type lineages, including B-cells, T-cells, NK-cells, monocytes, granulocytes and dendritic cells as well as total PBMC. To access sample data, click on tissue name or bar.
HPA datasetⁱ The resulting transcript expression values calculated as nTPM, resulting from the internal normalization pipeline for 18 immune cell types and total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Lineage Expression Alphabetical Immune cell type specificity: Not detected in immune cells
Monaco datasetⁱ The transcript expression values (nTPM) resulting from the internal normalization pipeline are visualized for 29 blood cell types and total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from Monaco et al. Lineage Expression Alphabetical
Schmiedel datasetⁱ Transcript Per Million (TPM) values are visualized for 15 blood cell types from the Schmiedel et al. dataset. Lineage Expression Alphabetical

EXPRESSION CLUSTERING & CORRELATIONⁱ

SINGLE CELL TYPE

DDC is part of cluster 22 Proximal enterocytes - Digestion with confidenceⁱ 1
255 genes in cluster

Go to interactive expression cluster page

15 nearest neighbours based on single cell RNA expression

Neighbourⁱ Gene name according to HGNC.	Descriptionⁱ Gene description according to HGNC.	Correlationⁱ Correlation between the selected gene and neighboring gene. Correlation is calculated as Spearman correlation in PCA space based on the RNA-seq expression data.	Clusterⁱ ID of the expression cluster of the neighboring gene.
GPR160	G protein-coupled receptor 160	0.7349	22
KCNH6	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 6	0.7051	22
ACBD4	Acyl-CoA binding domain containing 4	0.6361	22
SMIM24	Small integral membrane protein 24	0.6112	22
SMIM44	Small integral membrane protein 44	0.6070	20
LGALS2	Galectin 2	0.6062	22
NEUROD1	Neuronal differentiation 1	0.6050	20
GBA3	Glucosylceramidase beta 3 (gene/pseudogene)	0.5970	22
KHK	Ketohexokinase	0.5885	22
ERICH4	Glutamate rich 4	0.5865	22
PCSK1N	Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1 inhibitor	0.5815	20
AKR7A3	Aldo-keto reductase family 7 member A3	0.5804	22
EPHX2	Epoxide hydrolase 2	0.5732	22
DHDH	Dihydrodiol dehydrogenase	0.5710	22
SLC5A12	Solute carrier family 5 member 12	0.5706	22

Adipocytes	0.0 nTPM
Adipose tissue	0.0 nTPM
Breast	0.0 nTPM

Alveolar cells type 1	0.1 nTPM
Lung	0.1 nTPM

Alveolar cells type 2	2.1 nTPM
Lung	2.1 nTPM

Astrocytes	0.0 nTPM
Brain	0.0 nTPM

B-cells	2.0 nTPM
Kidney	20.8 nTPM
Liver	4.8 nTPM
Lymph node	0.1 nTPM
PBMC	0.0 nTPM
Skin	0.0 nTPM
Adipose tissue	0.0 nTPM
Esophagus	0.0 nTPM
Bone marrow	0.0 nTPM
Spleen	0.0 nTPM
Stomach	0.0 nTPM
Lung	0.0 nTPM
Salivary gland	0.0 nTPM
Thymus	0.0 nTPM

Ciliated cells	0.0 nTPM
Endometrium	0.1 nTPM
Bronchus	0.0 nTPM
Lung	0.0 nTPM
Fallopian tube	0.0 nTPM

Club cells	0.0 nTPM
Bronchus	0.0 nTPM
Lung	0.0 nTPM
Prostate	0.0 nTPM

Endothelial cells	0.2 nTPM
Liver	2.5 nTPM
Tongue	0.5 nTPM
Thymus	0.1 nTPM
Ovary	0.1 nTPM
Testis	0.0 nTPM
Heart muscle	0.0 nTPM
Placenta	0.0 nTPM
Endometrium	0.0 nTPM
Pancreas	0.0 nTPM
Skin	0.0 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	0.0 nTPM
Esophagus	0.0 nTPM
Lung	0.0 nTPM
Prostate	0.0 nTPM
Salivary gland	0.0 nTPM
Vascular	0.0 nTPM
Breast	0.0 nTPM
Fallopian tube	0.0 nTPM

Enteroendocrine cells	368.3 nTPM
Small intestine	573.3 nTPM
Rectum	447.8 nTPM
Colon	83.8 nTPM

Fibroblasts	0.3 nTPM
Liver	2.4 nTPM
Lung	0.9 nTPM
Thymus	0.4 nTPM
Placenta	0.2 nTPM
Salivary gland	0.2 nTPM
Adipose tissue	0.1 nTPM
Heart muscle	0.0 nTPM
Pancreas	0.0 nTPM
Skin	0.0 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	0.0 nTPM
Esophagus	0.0 nTPM
Stomach	0.0 nTPM
Prostate	0.0 nTPM
Vascular	0.0 nTPM
Breast	0.0 nTPM
Fallopian tube	0.0 nTPM

Granulocytes	0.0 nTPM
Lung	0.0 nTPM
Tongue	0.0 nTPM
Fallopian tube	0.0 nTPM

Intestinal goblet cells	47.2 nTPM
Small intestine	70.1 nTPM
Colon	41.8 nTPM
Rectum	29.5 nTPM

Lymphatic endothelial cells	0.0 nTPM
Fallopian tube	0.0 nTPM
Ovary	0.0 nTPM

Macrophages	1.2 nTPM
Kidney	23.0 nTPM
Testis	0.6 nTPM
Endometrium	0.0 nTPM
Pancreas	0.0 nTPM
Skin	0.0 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	0.0 nTPM
Adipose tissue	0.0 nTPM
Esophagus	0.0 nTPM
Bone marrow	0.0 nTPM
Spleen	0.0 nTPM
Stomach	0.0 nTPM
Lung	0.0 nTPM
Prostate	0.0 nTPM
Salivary gland	0.0 nTPM
Thymus	0.0 nTPM
Tongue	0.0 nTPM
Vascular	0.0 nTPM
Breast	0.0 nTPM
Fallopian tube	0.0 nTPM

Paneth cells	28.2 nTPM
Small intestine	44.9 nTPM
Rectum	25.3 nTPM
Colon	14.5 nTPM

Basal squamous epithelial cells	0.7 nTPM
Esophagus	0.7 nTPM

Bipolar cells	86.2 nTPM
Eye	86.2 nTPM

Cholangiocytes	3.8 nTPM
Liver	3.8 nTPM

Collecting duct cells	5.8 nTPM
Kidney	5.8 nTPM

Plasma cells	0.1 nTPM
Liver	1.0 nTPM
Thymus	0.1 nTPM
Esophagus	0.0 nTPM
Bone marrow	0.0 nTPM
Spleen	0.0 nTPM
Stomach	0.0 nTPM
Salivary gland	0.0 nTPM
Fallopian tube	0.0 nTPM

Schwann cells	0.0 nTPM
Adipose tissue	0.0 nTPM
Esophagus	0.0 nTPM
Vascular	0.0 nTPM

Serous glandular cells	0.0 nTPM
Salivary gland	0.1 nTPM
Tongue	0.0 nTPM

Smooth muscle cells	0.1 nTPM
Liver	0.8 nTPM
Adipose tissue	0.2 nTPM
Ovary	0.1 nTPM
Placenta	0.0 nTPM
Endometrium	0.0 nTPM
Skin	0.0 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	0.0 nTPM
Esophagus	0.0 nTPM
Lung	0.0 nTPM
Prostate	0.0 nTPM
Salivary gland	0.0 nTPM
Thymus	0.0 nTPM
Tongue	0.0 nTPM
Vascular	0.0 nTPM
Breast	0.0 nTPM
Fallopian tube	0.0 nTPM

T-cells	0.4 nTPM
Kidney	4.4 nTPM
Colon	1.9 nTPM
Liver	1.2 nTPM
Lymph node	0.5 nTPM
Spleen	0.2 nTPM
Salivary gland	0.2 nTPM
Stomach	0.1 nTPM
Endometrium	0.0 nTPM
PBMC	0.0 nTPM
Skin	0.0 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	0.0 nTPM
Adipose tissue	0.0 nTPM
Esophagus	0.0 nTPM
Bone marrow	0.0 nTPM
Lung	0.0 nTPM
Prostate	0.0 nTPM
Thymus	0.0 nTPM
Tongue	0.0 nTPM
Vascular	0.0 nTPM
Breast	0.0 nTPM
Fallopian tube	0.0 nTPM

Undifferentiated cells	86.4 nTPM
Small intestine	151.8 nTPM
Colon	61.2 nTPM
Rectum	46.1 nTPM

Amygdala excitatory	0.3 nTPM
Basal ganglia	0.7 nTPM
Thalamus	0.5 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	0.2 nTPM
Hippocampus	0.2 nTPM
Hypothalamus	0.2 nTPM
Amygdala	0.1 nTPM

Astrocyte	0.0 nTPM
Cerebellum	0.1 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	0.1 nTPM
Midbrain	0.1 nTPM
Amygdala	0.0 nTPM
Basal ganglia	0.0 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	0.0 nTPM
Hippocampus	0.0 nTPM
Hypothalamus	0.0 nTPM
Pons	0.0 nTPM
Spinal cord	0.0 nTPM
Thalamus	0.0 nTPM

Bergmann glia	0.0 nTPM
Cerebellum	0.1 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	0.0 nTPM
Pons	0.0 nTPM

Central nervous system macrophage	0.1 nTPM
Pons	0.4 nTPM
Basal ganglia	0.1 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	0.1 nTPM
Hippocampus	0.1 nTPM
Hypothalamus	0.1 nTPM
Midbrain	0.1 nTPM
Amygdala	0.0 nTPM
Cerebellum	0.0 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	0.0 nTPM
Spinal cord	0.0 nTPM
Thalamus	0.0 nTPM

Cerebellar inhibitory	0.1 nTPM
Pons	0.2 nTPM
Cerebellum	0.1 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	0.0 nTPM
Midbrain	0.0 nTPM
Spinal cord	0.0 nTPM

Cge interneuron	0.1 nTPM
Midbrain	0.2 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	0.1 nTPM
Hippocampus	0.1 nTPM
Hypothalamus	0.1 nTPM
Thalamus	0.1 nTPM
Amygdala	0.0 nTPM
Basal ganglia	0.0 nTPM

Choroid plexus epithelial cell	0.0 nTPM
Basal ganglia	0.1 nTPM
Hippocampus	0.0 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	0.0 nTPM
Thalamus	0.0 nTPM

Committed oligodendrocyte precursor	0.2 nTPM
Midbrain	1.7 nTPM
Pons	0.9 nTPM
Amygdala	0.0 nTPM
Basal ganglia	0.0 nTPM
Cerebellum	0.0 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	0.0 nTPM
Hippocampus	0.0 nTPM
Hypothalamus	0.0 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	0.0 nTPM
Spinal cord	0.0 nTPM
Thalamus	0.0 nTPM

Deep-layer corticothalamic and 6b	0.1 nTPM
Hippocampus	0.2 nTPM
Hypothalamus	0.2 nTPM
Amygdala	0.1 nTPM
Basal ganglia	0.1 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	0.1 nTPM
Midbrain	0.0 nTPM

Deep-layer intratelencephalic	0.1 nTPM
Hypothalamus	0.3 nTPM
Basal ganglia	0.2 nTPM
Amygdala	0.1 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	0.1 nTPM
Hippocampus	0.1 nTPM

Deep-layer near-projecting	0.1 nTPM
Hypothalamus	0.2 nTPM
Basal ganglia	0.1 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	0.1 nTPM
Amygdala	0.0 nTPM
Hippocampus	0.0 nTPM

Eccentric medium spiny neuron	0.2 nTPM
Hippocampus	0.4 nTPM
Basal ganglia	0.3 nTPM
Amygdala	0.2 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	0.2 nTPM
Thalamus	0.2 nTPM
Hypothalamus	0.1 nTPM

Endothelial cell	0.2 nTPM
Basal ganglia	0.9 nTPM
Hippocampus	0.6 nTPM
Pons	0.6 nTPM
Amygdala	0.0 nTPM
Cerebellum	0.0 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	0.0 nTPM
Hypothalamus	0.0 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	0.0 nTPM
Midbrain	0.0 nTPM
Spinal cord	0.0 nTPM
Thalamus	0.0 nTPM

Ependymal cell	0.0 nTPM
Thalamus	0.0 nTPM
Amygdala	0.0 nTPM
Basal ganglia	0.0 nTPM
Hippocampus	0.0 nTPM
Hypothalamus	0.0 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	0.0 nTPM
Midbrain	0.0 nTPM
Pons	0.0 nTPM
Spinal cord	0.0 nTPM