Single cell type - POLH - The Human Protein Atlas

POLH

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GENERAL INFORMATIONⁱ General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene nameⁱ Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.	POLH
Gene descriptionⁱ Full gene name according to HGNC.	DNA polymerase eta
Protein classⁱ Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).	Disease related genes Enzymes Human disease related genes Metabolic proteins Potential drug targets
Predicted locationⁱ All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions. Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached. Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s). The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.	Intracellular
Number of transcriptsⁱ Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.	3

HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS INFORMATIONⁱ Summary of RNA expression and protein localization based on data generated within the Human Protein Atlas project.
Single cell type expression clusterⁱ The RNA data was used to cluster genes according to their expression across single cell types. Clusters contain genes that have similar expression patterns, and each cluster has been manually annotated to describe common features in terms of function and specificity.	Spermatocytes & Spermatids - Spermatid development (mainly)
Single cell type specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed cell types based on scRNA-seq data from normal tissues. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected.	Low cell type specificity
Tau specificity scoreⁱ Tau specificity score is a numerical indicator of the specificity of the gene expression across cells or tissues. The value ranges from 0 and 1, where 0 indicates identical expression across all cells/tissue types, while 1 indicates expression in a single cell/tissue type.	0.35
Brain cluster specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed cell cluster types based on snRNA-seq data from brain samples. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected. "cell type" refer to one of the 34 cluster names used to summarize the 2.5 million cells included in the brain cell representation.	Low cell type specificity
Immune cell specificityⁱ The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed samples based on data from HPA. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected.	Low immune cell specificity
Protein evidenceⁱ Evidence score for genes based on UniProt protein existence (UniProt evidence); neXtProt protein existence (neXtProt evidence);and a Human Protein Atlas antibody- or RNA based score (HPA evidence). The avaliable scores are evidence at protein level, evidence at transcript level, no evidence, or not avaliable.	Evidence at protein level

ASSAYSⁱ

SINGLE CELL TYPESⁱ A summary of normalized single cell RNA (nTPM) from all single cell types. Color-coding is based on cell type groups, each consisting of cell types with functional features in common.
Single cell types RNA single cell type specificity: Low cell type specificity

TISSUE CELL TYPEⁱ The tissue cell type section provides a cell type specificity prediction for all protein coding genes. More information on the data available can be found here and a description of the analysis here.
	Core cell typesⁱ The core cell type table displays data for a panel of eight cell types that are found in many tissues. Colored dots indicate that the selected gene has core cell type specificity in the indicated tissue. Grey dots indicate that cell type is present within that tissue, but the selected gene is not predicted to be enriched there. Category Alphabetical Enrichment Tissue specific cell typesⁱ This plot shows the enrichment score of the selected gene in all non-core cell types found within the profiled tissues, allowing comparisons between different cell types within different tissues. An enlarged symbol indicates classification of the gene as cell type enriched in the corresponding cell type.

SINGLE NUCLEI BRAINⁱ

Single nuclei cluster types

RNA brain cluster specificity: Low cell type specificity

IMMUNE CELL TYPE EXPRESSION (RNA)ⁱ Blood cell type expression overview shows RNA-seq data from three different sources: Internally generated Human Protein Atlas (HPA) data, as well as data generated by (Monaco et al) and (Schmiedel et al). Color-coding is based on blood cell type lineages, including B-cells, T-cells, NK-cells, monocytes, granulocytes and dendritic cells as well as total PBMC. To access sample data, click on tissue name or bar.
HPA datasetⁱ The resulting transcript expression values calculated as nTPM, resulting from the internal normalization pipeline for 18 immune cell types and total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Lineage Expression Alphabetical Immune cell type specificity: Low immune cell specificity
Monaco datasetⁱ The transcript expression values (nTPM) resulting from the internal normalization pipeline are visualized for 29 blood cell types and total peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from Monaco et al. Lineage Expression Alphabetical
Schmiedel datasetⁱ Transcript Per Million (TPM) values are visualized for 15 blood cell types from the Schmiedel et al. dataset. Lineage Expression Alphabetical

EXPRESSION CLUSTERING & CORRELATIONⁱ

SINGLE CELL TYPE

POLH is part of cluster 70 Spermatocytes & Spermatids - Spermatid development with confidenceⁱ 0.92
376 genes in cluster

Go to interactive expression cluster page

15 nearest neighbours based on single cell RNA expression

Neighbourⁱ Gene name according to HGNC.	Descriptionⁱ Gene description according to HGNC.	Correlationⁱ Correlation between the selected gene and neighboring gene. Correlation is calculated as Spearman correlation in PCA space based on the RNA-seq expression data.	Clusterⁱ ID of the expression cluster of the neighboring gene.
TAS2R9	Taste 2 receptor member 9	0.5045	73
PKD2L2	Polycystin 2 like 2, transient receptor potential cation channel	0.4733	70
PRDM2	PR/SET domain 2	0.4675	73
SPEN	Spen family transcriptional repressor	0.4581	37
SCAF4	SR-related CTD associated factor 4	0.4533	49
DMRTC1	DMRT like family C1	0.4501	7
OR56B2P	Olfactory receptor family 56 subfamily B member 2 pseudogene	0.4456	73
CNTRL	Centriolin	0.4408	31
ORC2	Origin recognition complex subunit 2	0.4375	70
SLX4	SLX4 structure-specific endonuclease subunit	0.4305	57
METTL8	Methyltransferase 8, methylcytidine	0.4292	73
ZSWIM3	Zinc finger SWIM-type containing 3	0.4282	73
ZKSCAN5	Zinc finger with KRAB and SCAN domains 5	0.4258	70
TAF4B	TATA-box binding protein associated factor 4b	0.4249	49
KPNA5	Karyopherin subunit alpha 5	0.4246	70

IMMUNE CELLS

POLH is part of cluster 3 Non-specific - Nuclear processes with confidenceⁱ 0.95
471 genes in cluster

Go to interactive expression cluster page

15 nearest neighbours based on single cell RNA expression

Neighbourⁱ Gene name according to HGNC.	Descriptionⁱ Gene description according to HGNC.	Correlationⁱ Correlation between the selected gene and neighboring gene. Correlation is calculated as Spearman correlation in PCA space based on the RNA-seq expression data.	Clusterⁱ ID of the expression cluster of the neighboring gene.
DAXX	Death domain associated protein	0.9762	3
GABPB1	GA binding protein transcription factor subunit beta 1	0.9524	3
DVL2	Dishevelled segment polarity protein 2	0.9524	3
MIS18A	MIS18 kinetochore protein A	0.9524	3
HAGHL	Hydroxyacylglutathione hydrolase like	0.9286	3
ICE2	Interactor of little elongation complex ELL subunit 2	0.9286	3
ENSG00000273748		0.9048	3
ZNF181	Zinc finger protein 181	0.9048	3
ANAPC16	Anaphase promoting complex subunit 16	0.9048	3
NASP	Nuclear autoantigenic sperm protein	0.9048	3
NRL	Neural retina leucine zipper	0.9048	3
ACYP1	Acylphosphatase 1	0.9048	3
FOXP1	Forkhead box P1	0.9048	43
ZNF419	Zinc finger protein 419	0.9048	43
TBC1D17	TBC1 domain family member 17	0.9048	3

Adipocytes	7.8 nTPM
Adipose tissue	9.7 nTPM
Breast	5.8 nTPM

Alveolar cells type 1	12.7 nTPM
Lung	12.7 nTPM

Alveolar cells type 2	16.0 nTPM
Lung	16.0 nTPM

Astrocytes	11.5 nTPM
Brain	11.5 nTPM

B-cells	22.4 nTPM
Esophagus	47.2 nTPM
Lymph node	44.4 nTPM
PBMC	27.7 nTPM
Bone marrow	24.9 nTPM
Salivary gland	23.7 nTPM
Thymus	20.5 nTPM
Stomach	19.4 nTPM
Liver	19.3 nTPM
Spleen	18.6 nTPM
Lung	16.1 nTPM
Kidney	10.4 nTPM
Adipose tissue	10.3 nTPM
Skin	8.5 nTPM

Ciliated cells	14.4 nTPM
Endometrium	22.5 nTPM
Lung	13.6 nTPM
Bronchus	11.5 nTPM
Fallopian tube	10.2 nTPM

Club cells	9.0 nTPM
Prostate	12.4 nTPM
Lung	7.3 nTPM
Bronchus	7.1 nTPM

Dendritic cells	16.5 nTPM
PBMC	21.6 nTPM
Adipose tissue	11.4 nTPM

Endothelial cells	8.7 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	15.6 nTPM
Vascular	14.2 nTPM
Salivary gland	13.1 nTPM
Esophagus	11.6 nTPM
Tongue	10.7 nTPM
Heart muscle	9.2 nTPM
Prostate	9.2 nTPM
Liver	8.8 nTPM
Endometrium	8.8 nTPM
Skin	8.8 nTPM
Thymus	8.7 nTPM
Ovary	7.5 nTPM
Lung	6.9 nTPM
Testis	6.4 nTPM
Fallopian tube	5.4 nTPM
Placenta	5.1 nTPM
Breast	4.4 nTPM
Pancreas	2.6 nTPM

Enteroendocrine cells	7.4 nTPM
Colon	12.1 nTPM
Rectum	10.1 nTPM
Small intestine	0.0 nTPM

Fibroblasts	10.7 nTPM
Vascular	18.3 nTPM
Esophagus	15.5 nTPM
Salivary gland	15.4 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	15.2 nTPM
Heart muscle	13.0 nTPM
Liver	10.7 nTPM
Pancreas	10.2 nTPM
Thymus	10.2 nTPM
Skin	9.9 nTPM
Adipose tissue	9.1 nTPM
Breast	8.8 nTPM
Stomach	8.6 nTPM
Prostate	8.6 nTPM
Lung	7.9 nTPM
Fallopian tube	6.3 nTPM
Placenta	3.5 nTPM

Granulocytes	14.7 nTPM
Tongue	19.4 nTPM
Lung	13.1 nTPM
Fallopian tube	11.7 nTPM

Intestinal goblet cells	7.8 nTPM
Small intestine	9.6 nTPM
Colon	8.4 nTPM
Rectum	5.5 nTPM

Lymphatic endothelial cells	5.0 nTPM
Ovary	5.5 nTPM
Fallopian tube	4.5 nTPM

Macrophages	7.2 nTPM
Salivary gland	12.9 nTPM
Tongue	12.4 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	10.5 nTPM
Esophagus	10.3 nTPM
Stomach	10.3 nTPM
Vascular	8.8 nTPM
Endometrium	8.0 nTPM
Thymus	8.0 nTPM
Prostate	7.5 nTPM
Lung	7.4 nTPM
Breast	7.3 nTPM
Testis	5.6 nTPM
Adipose tissue	5.6 nTPM
Bone marrow	5.1 nTPM
Fallopian tube	5.1 nTPM
Kidney	4.4 nTPM
Spleen	3.0 nTPM
Skin	2.2 nTPM
Pancreas	2.1 nTPM

Basal keratinocytes	15.3 nTPM
Tongue	16.8 nTPM
Skin	13.8 nTPM

Basal squamous epithelial cells	19.5 nTPM
Esophagus	19.5 nTPM

Bipolar cells	17.9 nTPM
Eye	17.9 nTPM

Cone photoreceptor cells	15.3 nTPM
Eye	15.3 nTPM

Paneth cells	5.9 nTPM
Rectum	7.0 nTPM
Small intestine	6.9 nTPM
Colon	3.6 nTPM

Plasma cells	14.1 nTPM
Thymus	22.3 nTPM
Bone marrow	21.1 nTPM
Spleen	17.3 nTPM
Liver	14.0 nTPM
Esophagus	10.4 nTPM
Salivary gland	9.8 nTPM
Stomach	9.6 nTPM
Fallopian tube	8.4 nTPM

Schwann cells	5.2 nTPM
Vascular	11.0 nTPM
Adipose tissue	4.7 nTPM
Esophagus	0.0 nTPM

Serous glandular cells	9.3 nTPM
Salivary gland	9.7 nTPM
Tongue	8.8 nTPM

Smooth muscle cells	9.2 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	15.0 nTPM
Salivary gland	14.4 nTPM
Prostate	12.8 nTPM
Tongue	12.6 nTPM
Vascular	11.7 nTPM
Skin	10.0 nTPM
Liver	8.9 nTPM
Endometrium	8.9 nTPM
Ovary	8.2 nTPM
Adipose tissue	7.6 nTPM
Esophagus	7.2 nTPM
Lung	7.1 nTPM
Placenta	6.8 nTPM
Thymus	6.5 nTPM
Breast	6.1 nTPM
Fallopian tube	3.8 nTPM

Suprabasal keratinocytes	11.3 nTPM
Skin	11.6 nTPM
Tongue	11.0 nTPM

T-cells	16.7 nTPM
Esophagus	34.1 nTPM
Skeletal muscle	27.6 nTPM
Lymph node	25.5 nTPM
Tongue	20.1 nTPM
Breast	18.8 nTPM
PBMC	18.0 nTPM
Stomach	18.0 nTPM
Kidney	17.7 nTPM
Adipose tissue	17.0 nTPM
Vascular	16.5 nTPM
Salivary gland	15.7 nTPM
Prostate	15.0 nTPM
Spleen	14.6 nTPM
Fallopian tube	13.6 nTPM
Thymus	12.9 nTPM
Colon	12.7 nTPM
Liver	12.5 nTPM
Bone marrow	11.6 nTPM
Endometrium	11.4 nTPM
Skin	10.5 nTPM
Lung	7.4 nTPM

Undifferentiated cells	9.3 nTPM
Colon	11.0 nTPM
Small intestine	8.6 nTPM
Rectum	8.5 nTPM

Amygdala excitatory	30.3 nTPM
Hypothalamus	41.8 nTPM
Amygdala	31.9 nTPM
Basal ganglia	27.5 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	27.5 nTPM
Hippocampus	27.0 nTPM
Thalamus	25.9 nTPM

Astrocyte	24.2 nTPM
Spinal cord	26.2 nTPM
Cerebellum	26.0 nTPM
Amygdala	25.7 nTPM
Midbrain	24.9 nTPM
Pons	24.5 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	24.0 nTPM
Hypothalamus	23.9 nTPM
Thalamus	23.8 nTPM
Hippocampus	23.3 nTPM
Basal ganglia	22.8 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	20.9 nTPM

Bergmann glia	28.2 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	36.2 nTPM
Pons	25.9 nTPM
Cerebellum	22.5 nTPM

Central nervous system macrophage	25.2 nTPM
Amygdala	28.8 nTPM
Thalamus	28.0 nTPM
Hypothalamus	27.6 nTPM
Cerebellum	27.4 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	26.8 nTPM
Hippocampus	25.8 nTPM
Pons	25.6 nTPM
Basal ganglia	24.7 nTPM
Midbrain	24.6 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	20.3 nTPM
Spinal cord	17.7 nTPM

Cerebellar inhibitory	23.8 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	28.7 nTPM
Cerebellum	27.2 nTPM
Pons	23.9 nTPM
Midbrain	22.7 nTPM
Spinal cord	16.5 nTPM

Cge interneuron	28.2 nTPM
Hypothalamus	36.4 nTPM
Amygdala	29.7 nTPM
Thalamus	27.6 nTPM
Midbrain	26.7 nTPM
Basal ganglia	26.4 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	26.0 nTPM
Hippocampus	24.7 nTPM

Choroid plexus epithelial cell	44.0 nTPM
Basal ganglia	71.8 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	43.3 nTPM
Hippocampus	38.8 nTPM
Thalamus	21.9 nTPM

Committed oligodendrocyte precursor	19.9 nTPM
Medulla oblongata	34.9 nTPM
Thalamus	25.7 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	22.8 nTPM
Basal ganglia	21.4 nTPM
Hippocampus	21.0 nTPM
Amygdala	20.9 nTPM
Hypothalamus	19.8 nTPM
Midbrain	18.5 nTPM
Pons	15.1 nTPM
Spinal cord	11.0 nTPM
Cerebellum	7.9 nTPM

Deep-layer corticothalamic and 6b	34.9 nTPM
Hypothalamus	44.3 nTPM
Amygdala	35.2 nTPM
Basal ganglia	34.8 nTPM
Midbrain	34.4 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	31.7 nTPM
Hippocampus	29.1 nTPM

Deep-layer intratelencephalic	30.9 nTPM
Hypothalamus	37.0 nTPM
Amygdala	30.9 nTPM
Basal ganglia	29.7 nTPM
Hippocampus	29.1 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	27.9 nTPM

Deep-layer near-projecting	32.3 nTPM
Hypothalamus	39.8 nTPM
Amygdala	34.3 nTPM
Basal ganglia	31.2 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	29.7 nTPM
Hippocampus	26.7 nTPM

Eccentric medium spiny neuron	28.6 nTPM
Basal ganglia	29.7 nTPM
Thalamus	29.4 nTPM
Hippocampus	28.2 nTPM
Hypothalamus	28.2 nTPM
Amygdala	27.9 nTPM
Cerebral cortex	27.9 nTPM