Pediatric systemic inflammatory disease

Pediatric systemic inflammatory disease includes Kawasaki disease and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C).

Kawasaki Disease

Kawasaki disease is an acute febrile vasculitis primarily affecting children under the age of five. The etiology remains incompletely understood; however, evidence suggests that a combination of infectious and genetic factors may contribute to its development.

Common symptoms include persistent high fever, conjunctival injection (red eyes), skin rashes, read and cracked lips, swollen and red hands and feet, as well as enlarged lymph nodes. If left untreated, Kawasaki disease can lead to serious long-term complications, particularly involving alterations to the coronary arteries.

CDC - Kawasaki disease, NHS - Kawasaki disease

MIS-C

MIS-C is a severe hyper-inflammatory condition that can arise in children 2 to 8 weeks after a SARS-CoV-2 infection. The symptoms are often persistent high fever, skin rashes, conjunctivitis (red eyes), mucocutaneous inflammation (oral, hands, or feet), acute gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea, vomiting, or abdominal pain), myocarditis, and, in severe cases, multiorgan involvement, hypotension, and systemic shock. The clinical presentation and laboratory findings of MIS-C bear significant resemblance to Kawasaki disease, making differentiation between the two conditions challenging, particularly in younger patients.

WHO - clinical management of COVID-19, WHO - clinical management of COVID-19: living guideline

Differential Abundance Analysis Results

This section presents the results of the differential protein abundance analysis, visualized through a volcano plot and summarized in the accompanying table for all three comparisons: 1) disease vs. healthy samples, 2) disease vs. diseases from the same class, and 3) disease vs. all other diseases.