Pediatric sarcoma

Sarcomas are tumors that originate in muscles, tendons, connective tissues, or bones. There are numerous types of sarcomas, and their nomenclature often reflects their tissue of origin. Tumors arising from the body's soft tissues, such as muscles and connective tissues, are collectively referred to as soft tissue sarcomas.

Pediatric soft tissue sarcomas represent a heterogeneous group of malignant tumors that originate from primitive mesenchymal tissue, accounting for approximately 6% of all childhood tumors (rhabdomyosarcomas 3% and other soft tissue sarcomas 3%).

Sarcomas commonly have few symptoms, becoming noticeable primarily when they grow into surrounding soft tissues or bones, resulting in pain or a palpable mass. Treatment typically involves surgery, chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, depending on the tumor type and grade of malignancy. Prognosis varies significantly based on histological subtype, malignancy grade, and tumor size. After surgical intervention without detectable residual disease, the majority of patients can be considered cured. However, the prognosis is much poorer in the presence of metastases, with a very small percentage of patients achieving a cure. The risk of metastasis is highest in the first three years following diagnosis.

A rhabdoid tumor of the liver is a rare malignancy that originates in the liver and often metastasizes rapidly to other parts of the body. These tumors predominantly occur in infants and toddlers, with the average age at diagnosis at approximately 15 months. Symptoms may include an abdominal mass or gastrointestinal issues such as abdominal pain. Treatment typically involves surgical resection and chemotherapy.

NIH - soft tissue sarcoma

NIH - rhabdoid tumor of the liver

Differential Abundance Analysis Results

This section presents the results of the differential protein abundance analysis, visualized through a volcano plot and summarized in the accompanying table for all three comparisons: 1) disease vs. healthy samples, 2) disease vs. diseases from the same class, and 3) disease vs. all other diseases.