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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Enzymes Plasma proteins
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
10
Cytoband
q11.23
Chromosome location (bp)
49818279 - 49970203
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase that degrades poly(ADP-ribose) by hydrolyzing the ribose-ribose bonds present in poly(ADP-ribose) 1,2,3,4,5,6,7. PARG acts both as an endo- and exoglycosidase, releasing poly(ADP-ribose) of different length as well as ADP-ribose monomers 8,9. It is however unable to cleave the ester bond between the terminal ADP-ribose and ADP-ribosylated residues, leaving proteins that are mono-ADP-ribosylated 10,11,12. Poly(ADP-ribose) is synthesized after DNA damage is only present transiently and is rapidly degraded by PARG 13,14. Required to prevent detrimental accumulation of poly(ADP-ribose) upon prolonged replicative stress, while it is not required for recovery from transient replicative stress 15. Responsible for the prevalence of mono-ADP-ribosylated proteins in cells, thanks to its ability to degrade poly(ADP-ribose) without cleaving the terminal protein-ribose bond 16. Required for retinoid acid-dependent gene transactivation, probably by removing poly(ADP-ribose) from histone demethylase KDM4D, allowing chromatin derepression at RAR-dependent gene promoters 17. Involved in the synthesis of ATP in the nucleus, together with PARP1, NMNAT1 and NUDT5 18. Nuclear ATP generation is required for extensive chromatin remodeling events that are energy-consuming 19....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
Hydrolase
Biological process (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
DNA damage
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) is the major enzyme responsible for the catabolism of poly(ADP-ribose), a reversible covalent-modifier of chromosomal proteins. The protein is found in many tissues and may be subject to proteolysis generating smaller, active products. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2015]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Hydrolases Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Plasma proteins Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Hydrolases Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Plasma proteins Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
