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All assays through which the antibody has been validated. Assays&annotation provide a detailed description of the different assays. The pie-charts indicate degree of validation.
Immunocytochemistry is used to validate the antibody staining and for assessing and validating the protein expression pattern in selected human cell lines.
Validationi
Results of validation by standard or enhanced validation.
Standard validation is based on concordance with available experimental gene/protein characterization data in the UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot database. Standard validation results in scores Supported, Approved or Uncertain.
Enhanced validation is performed using either siRNA knockdown, tagged GFP cell lines or independent antibodies. For the siRNA validation the decrease in antibody-based staining intensity upon target protein downregulation is evaluated. For the GFP validation the signal overlap between the antibody staining and the GFP-tagged protein is evaluated. For the independent antibodies validation the evaluation is based on comparison of the staining of two (or more) independent antibodies directed towards independent epitopes on the protein.
For all cases except the siRNA validation, an image representative of the antibody staining pattern is shown. For the siRNA validation, a box plot of the results is shown.
Supportedi
Reliability scores for antibodies used in immunocytochemistry are set by comparing the staining pattern in cell lines with external experimental evidence for protein localization. The scores are termed Supported, Approved and Uncertain.
The subcellular location is supported by literature.
Immunofluorescent staining of human cell line A-431 shows localization to plasma membrane and the Golgi apparatus.
Antibody dilution
Human assay: A-431 fixed with PFA, dilution: 1:50 Human assay: HaCaT fixed with PFA, dilution: 1:50 Human assay: U2OS fixed with PFA, dilution: 1:50