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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
18
Cytoband
q21.32
Chromosome location (bp)
59220158 - 59230774
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Stimulates the release of gastrin and other gastrointestinal hormones (By similarity). Contributes to the perception of prurient stimuli and to the transmission of itch signals in the spinal cord that promote scratching behavior (By similarity). Contributes primarily to nonhistaminergic itch sensation (By similarity). In one study, shown to act in the amygdala as part of an inhibitory network which inhibits memory specifically related to learned fear (By similarity). In another study, shown to act on vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-expressing cells in the auditory cortex, most likely via extrasynaptic diffusion from local and long-range sources, to mediate disinhibition of glutamatergic cells via VIP cell-specific GRPR signaling which leads to enhanced auditory fear memories (By similarity). Contributes to the regulation of food intake (By similarity). Inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels but enhances voltage-gated potassium channels in hippocampal neurons (By similarity). Induces sighing by acting directly on the pre-Botzinger complex, a cluster of several thousand neurons in the ventrolateral medulla responsible for inspiration during respiratory activity (By similarity)....show less
Biological process (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
Mast cell degranulation
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
This gene encodes a member of the bombesin-like family of gastrin-releasing peptides. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate two peptides, gastrin-releasing peptide and neuromedin-C. These peptides regulate numerous functions of the gastrointestinal and central nervous systems, including release of gastrointestinal hormones, smooth muscle cell contraction, and epithelial cell proliferation. These peptides are also likely to play a role in human cancers of the lung, colon, stomach, pancreas, breast, and prostate. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
Predicted secreted proteins Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC SignalP predicted secreted proteins Phobius predicted secreted proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins DeepTMHMM predicted secreted proteins DeepSig predicted secreted proteins Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0005102[signaling receptor binding] GO:0005184[neuropeptide hormone activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005576[extracellular region] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0007165[signal transduction] GO:0007218[neuropeptide signaling pathway] GO:0031410[cytoplasmic vesicle] GO:0034774[secretory granule lumen] GO:0035176[social behavior] GO:0036343[psychomotor behavior] GO:0042995[cell projection] GO:0043005[neuron projection] GO:0043207[response to external biotic stimulus] GO:0043303[mast cell degranulation] GO:0090277[positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion] GO:0098992[neuronal dense core vesicle] GO:1900738[positive regulation of phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway] GO:1903817[negative regulation of voltage-gated potassium channel activity] GO:1903942[positive regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange] GO:1905151[negative regulation of voltage-gated sodium channel activity] GO:2000987[positive regulation of behavioral fear response]
Predicted secreted proteins Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC SignalP predicted secreted proteins Phobius predicted secreted proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins DeepTMHMM predicted secreted proteins DeepSig predicted secreted proteins Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0005102[signaling receptor binding] GO:0005184[neuropeptide hormone activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005576[extracellular region] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0007165[signal transduction] GO:0007218[neuropeptide signaling pathway] GO:0031410[cytoplasmic vesicle] GO:0034774[secretory granule lumen] GO:0042995[cell projection] GO:0043005[neuron projection] GO:0043303[mast cell degranulation] GO:0090277[positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion] GO:1900738[positive regulation of phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway] GO:1903817[negative regulation of voltage-gated potassium channel activity] GO:1903942[positive regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange] GO:1905151[negative regulation of voltage-gated sodium channel activity] GO:2000987[positive regulation of behavioral fear response]
Predicted secreted proteins Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC SignalP predicted secreted proteins Phobius predicted secreted proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins DeepTMHMM predicted secreted proteins DeepSig predicted secreted proteins Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0005102[signaling receptor binding] GO:0005184[neuropeptide hormone activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005576[extracellular region] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0007165[signal transduction] GO:0007218[neuropeptide signaling pathway] GO:0031410[cytoplasmic vesicle] GO:0034774[secretory granule lumen] GO:0042995[cell projection] GO:0043005[neuron projection] GO:0043303[mast cell degranulation] GO:0090277[positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion] GO:1900738[positive regulation of phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway] GO:1903817[negative regulation of voltage-gated potassium channel activity] GO:1903942[positive regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange] GO:1905151[negative regulation of voltage-gated sodium channel activity] GO:2000987[positive regulation of behavioral fear response]
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
