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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Cancer-related genes Disease related genes Human disease related genes Transcription factors
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
3
Cytoband
q27.3
Chromosome location (bp)
187721377 - 187745725
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Transcriptional repressor mainly required for germinal center (GC) formation and antibody affinity maturation which has different mechanisms of action specific to the lineage and biological functions. Forms complexes with different corepressors and histone deacetylases to repress the transcriptional expression of different subsets of target genes. Represses its target genes by binding directly to the DNA sequence 5'-TTCCTAGAA-3' (BCL6-binding site) or indirectly by repressing the transcriptional activity of transcription factors. In GC B-cells, represses genes that function in differentiation, inflammation, apoptosis and cell cycle control, also autoregulates its transcriptional expression and up-regulates, indirectly, the expression of some genes important for GC reactions, such as AICDA, through the repression of microRNAs expression, like miR155. An important function is to allow GC B-cells to proliferate very rapidly in response to T-cell dependent antigens and tolerate the physiological DNA breaks required for immunglobulin class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation without inducing a p53/TP53-dependent apoptotic response. In follicular helper CD4(+) T-cells (T(FH) cells), promotes the expression of T(FH)-related genes but inhibits the differentiation of T(H)1, T(H)2 and T(H)17 cells. Also required for the establishment and maintenance of immunological memory for both T- and B-cells. Suppresses macrophage proliferation through competition with STAT5 for STAT-binding motifs binding on certain target genes, such as CCL2 and CCND2. In response to genotoxic stress, controls cell cycle arrest in GC B-cells in both p53/TP53-dependedent and -independent manners. Besides, also controls neurogenesis through the alteration of the composition of NOTCH-dependent transcriptional complexes at selective NOTCH targets, such as HES5, including the recruitment of the deacetylase SIRT1 and resulting in an epigenetic silencing leading to neuronal differentiation....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
Activator, DNA-binding, Repressor
Biological process (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they bind, are associated with, or whose activity is dependent of some molecule.
Metal-binding, Zinc
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
The protein encoded by this gene is a zinc finger transcription factor and contains an N-terminal POZ domain. This protein acts as a sequence-specific repressor of transcription, and has been shown to modulate the transcription of STAT-dependent IL-4 responses of B cells. This protein can interact with a variety of POZ-containing proteins that function as transcription corepressors. This gene is found to be frequently translocated and hypermutated in diffuse large-cell lymphoma (DLCL), and may be involved in the pathogenesis of DLCL. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different protein isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2015]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Transcription factors Zinc-coordinating DNA-binding domains Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Missense Mutations COSMIC Translocations Disease related genes Human disease related genes Cancers Cancers of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level
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GO:0000122[negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0000978[RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0001222[transcription corepressor binding] GO:0001227[DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0001817[regulation of cytokine production] GO:0002376[immune system process] GO:0002634[regulation of germinal center formation] GO:0002682[regulation of immune system process] GO:0002903[negative regulation of B cell apoptotic process] GO:0003677[DNA binding] GO:0003682[chromatin binding] GO:0003700[DNA-binding transcription factor activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0005657[replication fork] GO:0005730[nucleolus] GO:0005794[Golgi apparatus] GO:0006357[regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0006954[inflammatory response] GO:0006974[cellular response to DNA damage stimulus] GO:0030308[negative regulation of cell growth] GO:0042092[type 2 immune response] GO:0042127[regulation of cell population proliferation] GO:0042382[paraspeckles] GO:0042802[identical protein binding] GO:0043065[positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043565[sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0045591[positive regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation] GO:0045595[regulation of cell differentiation] GO:0045892[negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0050727[regulation of inflammatory response] GO:0050776[regulation of immune response] GO:0140297[DNA-binding transcription factor binding] GO:1903464[negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle DNA replication] GO:1990837[sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding]
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Transcription factors Zinc-coordinating DNA-binding domains Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Missense Mutations COSMIC Translocations Disease related genes Human disease related genes Cancers Cancers of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level
Show all
GO:0000122[negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0000902[cell morphogenesis] GO:0000977[RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0000978[RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0001161[intronic transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0001222[transcription corepressor binding] GO:0001227[DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0001817[regulation of cytokine production] GO:0001953[negative regulation of cell-matrix adhesion] GO:0002317[plasma cell differentiation] GO:0002376[immune system process] GO:0002467[germinal center formation] GO:0002634[regulation of germinal center formation] GO:0002682[regulation of immune system process] GO:0002829[negative regulation of type 2 immune response] GO:0002903[negative regulation of B cell apoptotic process] GO:0003677[DNA binding] GO:0003682[chromatin binding] GO:0003700[DNA-binding transcription factor activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0005657[replication fork] GO:0005730[nucleolus] GO:0005794[Golgi apparatus] GO:0006357[regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0006366[transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0006954[inflammatory response] GO:0006974[cellular response to DNA damage stimulus] GO:0007160[cell-matrix adhesion] GO:0007266[Rho protein signal transduction] GO:0007283[spermatogenesis] GO:0008104[protein localization] GO:0008283[cell population proliferation] GO:0016575[histone deacetylation] GO:0021859[pyramidal neuron differentiation] GO:0030036[actin cytoskeleton organization] GO:0030183[B cell differentiation] GO:0030308[negative regulation of cell growth] GO:0030890[positive regulation of B cell proliferation] GO:0031065[positive regulation of histone deacetylation] GO:0031490[chromatin DNA binding] GO:0032764[negative regulation of mast cell cytokine production] GO:0035024[negative regulation of Rho protein signal transduction] GO:0042092[type 2 immune response] GO:0042100[B cell proliferation] GO:0042127[regulation of cell population proliferation] GO:0042129[regulation of T cell proliferation] GO:0042382[paraspeckles] GO:0042802[identical protein binding] GO:0043065[positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043066[negative regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043087[regulation of GTPase activity] GO:0043380[regulation of memory T cell differentiation] GO:0043565[sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0045064[T-helper 2 cell differentiation] GO:0045591[positive regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation] GO:0045595[regulation of cell differentiation] GO:0045629[negative regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation] GO:0045666[positive regulation of neuron differentiation] GO:0045746[negative regulation of Notch signaling pathway] GO:0045892[negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0048289[isotype switching to IgE isotypes] GO:0048294[negative regulation of isotype switching to IgE isotypes] GO:0048821[erythrocyte development] GO:0050727[regulation of inflammatory response] GO:0050776[regulation of immune response] GO:0070661[leukocyte proliferation] GO:0070664[negative regulation of leukocyte proliferation] GO:0140297[DNA-binding transcription factor binding] GO:1900099[negative regulation of plasma cell differentiation] GO:1903464[negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle DNA replication] GO:1990837[sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding] GO:2000773[negative regulation of cellular senescence]
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Cancer-related genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Missense Mutations COSMIC Translocations Human disease related genes Cancers Cancers of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Cancer-related genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Missense Mutations COSMIC Translocations Human disease related genes Cancers Cancers of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Transcription factors Zinc-coordinating DNA-binding domains Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Missense Mutations COSMIC Translocations Disease related genes Human disease related genes Cancers Cancers of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level
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GO:0000122[negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0000978[RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0001222[transcription corepressor binding] GO:0001227[DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0001817[regulation of cytokine production] GO:0002376[immune system process] GO:0002634[regulation of germinal center formation] GO:0002682[regulation of immune system process] GO:0002903[negative regulation of B cell apoptotic process] GO:0003677[DNA binding] GO:0003682[chromatin binding] GO:0003700[DNA-binding transcription factor activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0005657[replication fork] GO:0005730[nucleolus] GO:0005794[Golgi apparatus] GO:0006357[regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0006954[inflammatory response] GO:0006974[cellular response to DNA damage stimulus] GO:0030308[negative regulation of cell growth] GO:0042092[type 2 immune response] GO:0042127[regulation of cell population proliferation] GO:0042382[paraspeckles] GO:0042802[identical protein binding] GO:0043065[positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043565[sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0045591[positive regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation] GO:0045595[regulation of cell differentiation] GO:0045892[negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0050727[regulation of inflammatory response] GO:0050776[regulation of immune response] GO:0140297[DNA-binding transcription factor binding] GO:1903464[negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle DNA replication] GO:1990837[sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding]
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Transcription factors Zinc-coordinating DNA-binding domains Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Missense Mutations COSMIC Translocations Disease related genes Human disease related genes Cancers Cancers of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level
Show all
GO:0000122[negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0000978[RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0001222[transcription corepressor binding] GO:0001227[DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0001817[regulation of cytokine production] GO:0002376[immune system process] GO:0002634[regulation of germinal center formation] GO:0002682[regulation of immune system process] GO:0002903[negative regulation of B cell apoptotic process] GO:0003677[DNA binding] GO:0003682[chromatin binding] GO:0003700[DNA-binding transcription factor activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0005657[replication fork] GO:0005730[nucleolus] GO:0005794[Golgi apparatus] GO:0006357[regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0006954[inflammatory response] GO:0006974[cellular response to DNA damage stimulus] GO:0030308[negative regulation of cell growth] GO:0042092[type 2 immune response] GO:0042127[regulation of cell population proliferation] GO:0042382[paraspeckles] GO:0042802[identical protein binding] GO:0043065[positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043565[sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0045591[positive regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation] GO:0045595[regulation of cell differentiation] GO:0045892[negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0050727[regulation of inflammatory response] GO:0050776[regulation of immune response] GO:0140297[DNA-binding transcription factor binding] GO:1903464[negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle DNA replication] GO:1990837[sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding]
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