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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Disease related genes Human disease related genes Plasma proteins
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
3
Cytoband
q27.3
Chromosome location (bp)
186717348 - 186744410
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Kininogens are inhibitors of thiol proteases. HMW-kininogen plays an important role in blood coagulation by helping to position optimally prekallikrein and factor XI next to factor XII; HMW-kininogen inhibits the thrombin- and plasmin-induced aggregation of thrombocytes. LMW-kininogen inhibits the aggregation of thrombocytes. LMW-kininogen is in contrast to HMW-kininogen not involved in blood clotting....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
This gene uses alternative splicing to generate two different proteins- high molecular weight kininogen (HMWK) and low molecular weight kininogen (LMWK). HMWK is essential for blood coagulation and assembly of the kallikrein-kinin system. Also, bradykinin, a peptide causing numerous physiological effects, is released from HMWK. Bradykinin also functions as an antimicrobial peptide with antibacterial and antifungal activity. In contrast to HMWK, LMWK is not involved in blood coagulation. Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reduces or depletes angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which results in an increase in levels of des-Arg(9)-bradykinin, a bioactive metabolite of bradykinin that is associated with lung injury and inflammation. Three transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2020]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
Predicted secreted proteins Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC SignalP predicted secreted proteins Phobius predicted secreted proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins DeepTMHMM predicted secreted proteins DeepSig predicted secreted proteins Plasma proteins Disease related genes Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Vascular diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0004866[endopeptidase inhibitor activity] GO:0004869[cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity] GO:0005102[signaling receptor binding] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005576[extracellular region] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0005788[endoplasmic reticulum lumen] GO:0005886[plasma membrane] GO:0006954[inflammatory response] GO:0007162[negative regulation of cell adhesion] GO:0007204[positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration] GO:0007596[blood coagulation] GO:0007599[hemostasis] GO:0008201[heparin binding] GO:0008270[zinc ion binding] GO:0010466[negative regulation of peptidase activity] GO:0010951[negative regulation of endopeptidase activity] GO:0030195[negative regulation of blood coagulation] GO:0030414[peptidase inhibitor activity] GO:0031093[platelet alpha granule lumen] GO:0042311[vasodilation] GO:0043065[positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0045861[negative regulation of proteolysis] GO:0062023[collagen-containing extracellular matrix] GO:0070062[extracellular exosome] GO:0072562[blood microparticle] GO:0097746[blood vessel diameter maintenance]
Predicted secreted proteins Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC SignalP predicted secreted proteins Phobius predicted secreted proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins DeepTMHMM predicted secreted proteins DeepSig predicted secreted proteins Plasma proteins Disease related genes Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Vascular diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0004866[endopeptidase inhibitor activity] GO:0004869[cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity] GO:0005102[signaling receptor binding] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005576[extracellular region] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0005788[endoplasmic reticulum lumen] GO:0005886[plasma membrane] GO:0006954[inflammatory response] GO:0007162[negative regulation of cell adhesion] GO:0007204[positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration] GO:0007596[blood coagulation] GO:0007599[hemostasis] GO:0008201[heparin binding] GO:0008270[zinc ion binding] GO:0010466[negative regulation of peptidase activity] GO:0010951[negative regulation of endopeptidase activity] GO:0030195[negative regulation of blood coagulation] GO:0030414[peptidase inhibitor activity] GO:0031093[platelet alpha granule lumen] GO:0042311[vasodilation] GO:0043065[positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0045861[negative regulation of proteolysis] GO:0062023[collagen-containing extracellular matrix] GO:0070062[extracellular exosome] GO:0072562[blood microparticle] GO:0097746[blood vessel diameter maintenance]
Predicted secreted proteins Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC SignalP predicted secreted proteins Phobius predicted secreted proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins DeepTMHMM predicted secreted proteins DeepSig predicted secreted proteins Plasma proteins Disease related genes Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Vascular diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0004866[endopeptidase inhibitor activity] GO:0004869[cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity] GO:0005102[signaling receptor binding] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005576[extracellular region] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0005788[endoplasmic reticulum lumen] GO:0005886[plasma membrane] GO:0006954[inflammatory response] GO:0007162[negative regulation of cell adhesion] GO:0007204[positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration] GO:0007596[blood coagulation] GO:0007599[hemostasis] GO:0008201[heparin binding] GO:0008270[zinc ion binding] GO:0010466[negative regulation of peptidase activity] GO:0010951[negative regulation of endopeptidase activity] GO:0030195[negative regulation of blood coagulation] GO:0030414[peptidase inhibitor activity] GO:0031093[platelet alpha granule lumen] GO:0042311[vasodilation] GO:0043065[positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0045861[negative regulation of proteolysis] GO:0062023[collagen-containing extracellular matrix] GO:0070062[extracellular exosome] GO:0072562[blood microparticle] GO:0097746[blood vessel diameter maintenance]
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
