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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Enzymes Metabolic proteins Plasma proteins
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
14
Cytoband
q12
Chromosome location (bp)
24573518 - 24576250
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Serine protease with trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like specificity 1,2. Also displays antibacterial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria independent of its protease activity 3,4. Prefers Phe and Tyr residues in the P1 position of substrates but also cleaves efficiently after Trp and Leu 5. Shows a preference for negatively charged amino acids in the P2' position and for aliphatic amino acids both upstream and downstream of the cleavage site 6. Required for recruitment and activation of platelets which is mediated by the F2RL3/PAR4 platelet receptor 7,8. Binds reversibly to and stimulates B cells and CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells 9,10. Also binds reversibly to natural killer (NK) cells and enhances NK cell cytotoxicity through its protease activity 11,12. Cleaves complement C3 13. Cleaves vimentin (By similarity). Cleaves thrombin receptor F2R/PAR1 and acts as either an agonist or an inhibitor, depending on the F2R cleavage site 14,15. Cleavage of F2R at '41-Arg-|- Ser-42' results in receptor activation while cleavage at '55-Phe-|-Trp-56' results in inhibition of receptor activation 16. Cleaves the synovial mucin-type protein PRG4/lubricin 17. Cleaves and activates IL36G which promotes expression of chemokines CXCL1 and CXLC8 in keratinocytes 18. Cleaves IL33 into mature forms which have greater activity than the unprocessed form 19. Cleaves coagulation factor F8 to produce a partially activated form 20. Also cleaves and activates coagulation factor F10 21. Cleaves leukocyte cell surface protein SPN/CD43 to releases its extracellular domain and trigger its intramembrane proteolysis by gamma-secretase, releasing the CD43 cytoplasmic tail chain (CD43-ct) which translocates to the nucleus 22. Cleaves CCL5/RANTES to produce RANTES(4-68) lacking the N-terminal three amino acids which exhibits reduced chemotactic and antiviral activities 23. During apoptosis, cleaves SMARCA2/BRM to produce a 160 kDa cleavage product which localizes to the cytosol 24. Cleaves myelin basic protein MBP in B cell lysosomes at '224-Phe-|-Lys-225' and '248-Phe-|-Ser-249', degrading the major immunogenic MBP epitope and preventing the activation of MBP-specific autoreactive T cells 25. Cleaves annexin ANXA1 and antimicrobial peptide CAMP to produce peptides which act on neutrophil N-formyl peptide receptors to enhance the release of CXCL2 26. Acts as a ligand for the N-formyl peptide receptor FPR1, enhancing phagocyte chemotaxis 27. Has antibacterial activity against the Gram-negative bacteria N.gonorrhoeae and P.aeruginosa 28,29. Likely to act against N.gonorrhoeae by interacting with N.gonorrhoeae penA/PBP2 30. Exhibits potent antimicrobial activity against the Gram-positive bacterium L.monocytogenes 31. Has antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive bacterium S.aureus and degrades S.aureus biofilms, allowing polymorphonuclear leukocytes to penetrate the biofilm and phagocytose bacteria 32,33. Has antibacterial activity against M.tuberculosis 34. Mediates CASP4 activation induced by the Td92 surface protein of the periodontal pathogen T.denticola, causing production and secretion of IL1A and leading to pyroptosis of gingival fibroblasts 35....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
Chemotaxis
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
The protein encoded by this gene, a member of the peptidase S1 protein family, is found in azurophil granules of neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The encoded protease has a specificity similar to that of chymotrypsin C, and may participate in the killing and digestion of engulfed pathogens, and in connective tissue remodeling at sites of inflammation. In addition, the encoded protein is antimicrobial, with bacteriocidal activity against S. aureus and N. gonorrhoeae. Transcript variants utilizing alternative polyadenylation signals exist for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
