Human Blood Resource - PRL - The Human Protein Atlas

GENERAL INFORMATIONⁱ General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene nameⁱ Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.	PRL
Gene descriptionⁱ Full gene name according to HGNC.	Prolactin
Predicted locationⁱ All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions. Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached. Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s). The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.	Secreted

HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS INFORMATION
Secretome annotationⁱ All genes with at least one predicted secreted isoform have been annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are: secreted into blood locally secreted or actually being attached to membrane or retained in intracellular locations like mitochondria, endoplasmatic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus or lysosomes.	Secreted to blood
Secretome functionⁱ All genes belonging to the secretome have been classified according to function based on Uniprot molecular function and biological processes keywords. The functional annotations are prioritized according to the following hierarchy: Blood coagulation, Complement pathway, Acute phase, Cytokine, Hormone, Neuropeptide, Growth factor, Receptor, Transport, Developmental protein, Defence, Enzyme, Enzyme inhibitor, Transcription, Immunity, Cell adhesion, Other and each gene is assigned a single function.	Hormone
Upregulated in disease (PEA)ⁱ A gene is classified as upregulated in a disease if the average concentration of all samples of that disease is significantly higher (adj P-value<0.005 and NPX difference>=1) than the average concentration of samples of all diseases as measured by PEA . For gender specific diseases the analysis includes only samples corresponding to the same gender from the other diseases.	Pediatric CNS tumor, Bipolar disorder, Pediatric retinoblastoma, Alcohol-related liver disease, Pediatric diffuse astrocytic and oligodendro. tumor, Schizophrenia, Chronic liver disease, Pituitary neuroendocrine tumor, Streptococcal soft tissue infection, Viral hepatitis related cirrhosis, Hepatocellular cancer, Pancreatic cancer, E.coli pyelonephritis
Blood-based immunoassayⁱ The blood-based immunoassay category applies to actively secreted proteins and is based on plasma or serum protein concentrations established with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, compiled from a literature search. The categories include: detected and not detected, where detection refers to a concentration found in the literature search.	Detected
Mass spectrometryⁱ Detection or not of the gene in blood, based on spectral count estimations from a publicly available mass spectrometry-based plasma proteomics data set obtained from the PeptideAtlas.	Detected
Proximity extension assayⁱ Detection or not of the gene in blood, based on proximity extension assays (Olink) for a longitudinal wellness study covering 76 individuals with three visits during two years.	Detected