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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Plasma proteins
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
4
Cytoband
q34.1
Chromosome location (bp)
173331376 - 173334432
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Multifunctional protein with various roles in different cellular compartments. May act in a redox sensitive manner. In the nucleus is an abundant chromatin-associated non-histone protein involved in transcription, chromatin remodeling and V(D)J recombination and probably other processes. Binds DNA with a preference to non-canonical DNA structures such as single-stranded DNA. Can bent DNA and enhance DNA flexibility by looping thus providing a mechanism to promote activities on various gene promoters by enhancing transcription factor binding and/or bringing distant regulatory sequences into close proximity 1,2,3,4,5,6. Involved in V(D)J recombination by acting as a cofactor of the RAG complex: acts by stimulating cleavage and RAG protein binding at the 23 bp spacer of conserved recombination signal sequences (RSS) (By similarity). Proposed to be involved in the innate immune response to nucleic acids by acting as a promiscuous immunogenic DNA/RNA sensor which cooperates with subsequent discriminative sensing by specific pattern recognition receptors (By similarity). In the extracellular compartment acts as a chemokine. Promotes proliferation and migration of endothelial cells implicating AGER/RAGE 7. Has antimicrobial activity in gastrointestinal epithelial tissues 8. Involved in inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus coupled with pro-inflammatory activity (By similarity). Involved in modulation of neurogenesis probably by regulation of neural stem proliferation (By similarity). Involved in articular cartilage surface maintenance implicating LEF1 and the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway (By similarity)....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
DNA-binding
Biological process (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
This gene encodes a member of the non-histone chromosomal high mobility group protein family. The proteins of this family are chromatin-associated and ubiquitously distributed in the nucleus of higher eukaryotic cells. In vitro studies have demonstrated that this protein is able to efficiently bend DNA and form DNA circles. These studies suggest a role in facilitating cooperative interactions between cis-acting proteins by promoting DNA flexibility. This protein was also reported to be involved in the final ligation step in DNA end-joining processes of DNA double-strand breaks repair and V(D)J recombination. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
P26583 [Direct mapping] High mobility group protein B2
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Predicted secreted proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Plasma proteins Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0000122[negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0000400[four-way junction DNA binding] GO:0000785[chromatin] GO:0000793[condensed chromosome] GO:0000976[transcription cis-regulatory region binding] GO:0000987[cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0001938[positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation] GO:0002376[immune system process] GO:0002437[inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus] GO:0003677[DNA binding] GO:0003684[damaged DNA binding] GO:0003690[double-stranded DNA binding] GO:0003697[single-stranded DNA binding] GO:0003713[transcription coactivator activity] GO:0003723[RNA binding] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005576[extracellular region] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0005694[chromosome] GO:0005730[nucleolus] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0006265[DNA topological change] GO:0006303[double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining] GO:0006310[DNA recombination] GO:0006325[chromatin organization] GO:0006334[nucleosome assembly] GO:0006357[regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0006935[chemotaxis] GO:0006954[inflammatory response] GO:0007283[spermatogenesis] GO:0007289[spermatid nucleus differentiation] GO:0008134[transcription factor binding] GO:0008301[DNA binding, bending] GO:0008584[male gonad development] GO:0008625[extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors] GO:0010628[positive regulation of gene expression] GO:0010629[negative regulation of gene expression] GO:0019904[protein domain specific binding] GO:0032075[positive regulation of nuclease activity] GO:0032392[DNA geometric change] GO:0032496[response to lipopolysaccharide] GO:0032728[positive regulation of interferon-beta production] GO:0032991[protein-containing complex] GO:0033151[V(D)J recombination] GO:0042056[chemoattractant activity] GO:0043388[positive regulation of DNA binding] GO:0044378[non-sequence-specific DNA binding, bending] GO:0045087[innate immune response] GO:0045089[positive regulation of innate immune response] GO:0045648[positive regulation of erythrocyte differentiation] GO:0045654[positive regulation of megakaryocyte differentiation] GO:0045892[negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription] GO:0045893[positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription] GO:0045944[positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0048471[perinuclear region of cytoplasm] GO:0048545[response to steroid hormone] GO:0050767[regulation of neurogenesis] GO:0050786[RAGE receptor binding] GO:0050829[defense response to Gram-negative bacterium] GO:0050830[defense response to Gram-positive bacterium] GO:0050918[positive chemotaxis] GO:0060326[cell chemotaxis] GO:0071222[cellular response to lipopolysaccharide] GO:0072091[regulation of stem cell proliferation] GO:0097100[supercoiled DNA binding] GO:0140297[DNA-binding transcription factor binding] GO:1902042[negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors]
P26583 [Direct mapping] High mobility group protein B2
Show all
Predicted secreted proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Plasma proteins Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000122[negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0000400[four-way junction DNA binding] GO:0000785[chromatin] GO:0000793[condensed chromosome] GO:0000976[transcription cis-regulatory region binding] GO:0000987[cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0001938[positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation] GO:0002376[immune system process] GO:0002437[inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus] GO:0003677[DNA binding] GO:0003684[damaged DNA binding] GO:0003690[double-stranded DNA binding] GO:0003697[single-stranded DNA binding] GO:0003713[transcription coactivator activity] GO:0003723[RNA binding] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005576[extracellular region] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0005694[chromosome] GO:0005730[nucleolus] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0006265[DNA topological change] GO:0006303[double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining] GO:0006310[DNA recombination] GO:0006325[chromatin organization] GO:0006334[nucleosome assembly] GO:0006357[regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0006935[chemotaxis] GO:0006954[inflammatory response] GO:0008134[transcription factor binding] GO:0008301[DNA binding, bending] GO:0032075[positive regulation of nuclease activity] GO:0032392[DNA geometric change] GO:0032496[response to lipopolysaccharide] GO:0032991[protein-containing complex] GO:0033151[V(D)J recombination] GO:0042056[chemoattractant activity] GO:0043388[positive regulation of DNA binding] GO:0044378[non-sequence-specific DNA binding, bending] GO:0045087[innate immune response] GO:0045648[positive regulation of erythrocyte differentiation] GO:0045654[positive regulation of megakaryocyte differentiation] GO:0045892[negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription] GO:0045893[positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription] GO:0045944[positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0048471[perinuclear region of cytoplasm] GO:0050767[regulation of neurogenesis] GO:0050786[RAGE receptor binding] GO:0050829[defense response to Gram-negative bacterium] GO:0050830[defense response to Gram-positive bacterium] GO:0050918[positive chemotaxis] GO:0060326[cell chemotaxis] GO:0071222[cellular response to lipopolysaccharide] GO:0072091[regulation of stem cell proliferation] GO:0097100[supercoiled DNA binding]
P26583 [Direct mapping] High mobility group protein B2
Show all
Predicted secreted proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Plasma proteins Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000122[negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0000400[four-way junction DNA binding] GO:0000785[chromatin] GO:0000793[condensed chromosome] GO:0000976[transcription cis-regulatory region binding] GO:0000987[cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0001938[positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation] GO:0002376[immune system process] GO:0002437[inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus] GO:0003677[DNA binding] GO:0003684[damaged DNA binding] GO:0003690[double-stranded DNA binding] GO:0003697[single-stranded DNA binding] GO:0003713[transcription coactivator activity] GO:0003723[RNA binding] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005576[extracellular region] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0005694[chromosome] GO:0005730[nucleolus] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0006265[DNA topological change] GO:0006303[double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining] GO:0006310[DNA recombination] GO:0006325[chromatin organization] GO:0006334[nucleosome assembly] GO:0006357[regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0006935[chemotaxis] GO:0006954[inflammatory response] GO:0008134[transcription factor binding] GO:0008301[DNA binding, bending] GO:0032075[positive regulation of nuclease activity] GO:0032392[DNA geometric change] GO:0032496[response to lipopolysaccharide] GO:0032991[protein-containing complex] GO:0033151[V(D)J recombination] GO:0042056[chemoattractant activity] GO:0043388[positive regulation of DNA binding] GO:0044378[non-sequence-specific DNA binding, bending] GO:0045087[innate immune response] GO:0045648[positive regulation of erythrocyte differentiation] GO:0045654[positive regulation of megakaryocyte differentiation] GO:0045892[negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription] GO:0045893[positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription] GO:0045944[positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0048471[perinuclear region of cytoplasm] GO:0050767[regulation of neurogenesis] GO:0050786[RAGE receptor binding] GO:0050829[defense response to Gram-negative bacterium] GO:0050830[defense response to Gram-positive bacterium] GO:0050918[positive chemotaxis] GO:0060326[cell chemotaxis] GO:0071222[cellular response to lipopolysaccharide] GO:0072091[regulation of stem cell proliferation] GO:0097100[supercoiled DNA binding]